Collaborative Research: Active deformation and exhumation at the transition from subduction to oblique collision in Central New Zealand

合作研究:新西兰中部俯冲到斜碰撞过渡过程中的主动变形和折返

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    2313490
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 26.4万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2023-09-01 至 2026-08-31
  • 项目状态:
    未结题

项目摘要

Earth’s outer shell consists of rigid tectonic plates that interact primarily along their edges. Several factors control these interactions, including the composition of the plates (oceanic versus continental) and the relative sense of motion between them (colliding, diverging, or sliding past one another). These factors combined control the natural hazards expressed along tectonic plate boundaries, including earthquakes, landslides, tsunamis, and volcanoes. Because Earth’s tectonic plates are not static, the distribution and character of tectonic plate boundaries change over geologic time. As such, understanding plate-boundary hazards requires a comprehensive view of their evolution in response to changes in plate motions and character. The 2016 M7.8 Kaikōura earthquake in Aotearoa New Zealand occurred at a critical plate tectonic transition zone, where the boundary changes from subduction (oceanic plate consumed beneath continental) to strike slip (sliding parallel to one another) and ultimately continental collision. The extent of deformation and triggered landslides in this event highlight the complex hazards associated with a major plate-boundary transition. This study will shed light on how plate transitions evolve by studying active faults and cooling ages of uplifted bedrock in the area surrounding the 2016 earthquake. Impacts of this study include advancing scientific knowledge and training graduate students, thereby contributing to a globally competitive scientific workforce. The project bolsters domestic and international partnerships by engaging US students in collaborative, international field work, and deepens connections between US and New Zealand researchers. The investigators will develop an international university seminar series focused on exploring bicultural approaches to weaving indigenous knowledge and geoscience research. With New Zealand collaborators and Māori advisors at the University of Canterbury, the investigators will build on their institutional connections to indigenous and minoritized communities to broaden participation of these groups both in the seminar and in geological field research. Finally, this project will enhance research and educational infrastructure by supporting new and existing analytical capacities at Western Washington University and the University of Michigan.This project focuses on the evolution of crustal deformation across a plate-boundary transition from subduction to oblique collision through collection and integration of new neotectonic and low-temperature thermochronologic data in North Canterbury, New Zealand. Specific research tasks include: (1) characterizing the rate and kinematics of shallow faulting for understudied structures surrounding the epicentral region of the 2016 Kaikōura earthquake, (2) measuring differential uplift from incised fluvial surfaces along major rivers transecting fault-related folds in this area, and (3) quantifying the onset, rate, and spatial pattern of bedrock exhumation associated with the transition from subduction to oblique collision. These tasks target existing knowledge gaps related to the mechanics and kinematics of plate boundary migration, and will shed light on outstanding research questions including: How do plate-boundary terminations migrate over time, and what are the fault growth mechanisms through which a new plate-boundary structure develops? Is there a measurable “bow wave” or “wake” attending this migration that impacts crustal deformation and exhumation? What is the role of the subducting slab in controlling deformation at a subduction termination over multiple earthquake cycles?This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
地球的外壳由刚性构造板块组成,它们主要沿着边缘相互作用。有几个因素控制着这些相互作用,包括板块的组成(海洋板块与大陆板块)以及它们之间的相对运动(碰撞、分离或滑动)。这些因素共同控制着沿着构造板块边界的自然灾害,包括地震、滑坡、海啸和火山。由于地球的构造板块不是静止的,构造板块边界的分布和特征随着地质时期而变化。因此,了解板块边界灾害需要全面了解其演变,以应对板块运动和性质的变化。2016年新西兰Aotearoa的Kaikōura 7.8级地震发生在一个关键的板块构造过渡带,在那里,边界从俯冲(海洋板块在大陆下面被消耗)变为走滑(彼此平行滑动),最终发生大陆碰撞。在这次事件中,变形的程度和引发的滑坡突出了与主要板块边界过渡相关的复杂危害。这项研究将通过研究2016年地震周边地区的活动断层和隆起基岩的冷却年龄,揭示板块过渡如何演变。这项研究的影响包括推进科学知识和培训研究生,从而有助于全球竞争力的科学劳动力。该项目通过让美国学生参与合作性的国际实地工作来加强国内和国际合作伙伴关系,并加深美国和新西兰研究人员之间的联系。研究人员将开发一个国际大学研讨会系列,重点是探索将土著知识和地球科学研究结合起来的双文化方法。调查人员将与新西兰的合作者和坎特伯雷大学的毛利人顾问一道,利用他们与土著和少数民族社区的机构联系,扩大这些群体对研讨会和地质实地研究的参与。最后,该项目将通过支持西华盛顿大学和密歇根大学新的和现有的分析能力,加强研究和教育基础设施,该项目的重点是通过收集和综合新西兰北坎特伯雷新的新构造和低温热年代学数据,研究板块边界从俯冲到斜向碰撞过渡过程中地壳变形的演变。具体研究任务包括:(1)表征2016年Kaikōura地震震中区域周围未充分研究的构造的浅层断层的速率和运动学,(2)测量沿着横切该地区断层相关褶皱的主要河流的下切河流表面的差异抬升,以及(3)量化与俯冲到斜碰撞过渡相关的基岩折返的开始、速率和空间模式。这些任务的目标是现有的知识差距与板块边界迁移的力学和运动学,并将揭示突出的研究问题,包括:如何板块边界终端迁移随着时间的推移,以及什么是通过一个新的板块边界结构的发展断层生长机制?是否有一个可测量的“弓形波”或“尾波”参与这次迁移,影响地壳变形和折返?在多个地震周期中,俯冲板片在控制俯冲终止时的变形中扮演什么角色?该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并被认为是值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。

项目成果

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Colin Amos其他文献

Colin Amos的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Colin Amos', 18)}}的其他基金

Evaluating Temporal Variations in Fault Slip-Rate and Fault Interaction in the Eastern California shear zone
评估东加州剪切带断层滑移率和断层相互作用的时间变化
  • 批准号:
    0847990
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 26.4万
  • 项目类别:
    Fellowship Award

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