Collaborative Research: Drivers and Biogeochemical Implications of Saltwater Intrusion Along Arctic Coastlines

合作研究:北极海岸线盐水入侵的驱动因素和生物地球化学影响

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    2316040
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 34.39万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2024-04-01 至 2027-03-31
  • 项目状态:
    未结题

项目摘要

Sea-level rise and storm events push saltwater landward (i.e., saltwater intrusion), driving changes in the chemistry, ecology, and greenhouse gas fluxes of terrestrial ecosystems. Present knowledge of the drivers and impacts of saltwater intrusion is based on temperate and tropical environments. Little is known about saltwater intrusion along Arctic coastlines where permafrost underlies coastal ecosystems. In this study, we investigate the drivers of coastal Arctic saltwater intrusion and the impacts of saltwater intrusion on porewater chemistry and greenhouse gas fluxes along Alaska’s Beaufort Sea coast. This work will provide baseline understanding of the physical, biological, and chemical processes occurring along rapidly changing Arctic coastlines; will train two summer interns, a research assistant, and field technician; and will fund two early career, female researchers. Findings will be shared with the scientific community, as well as at local schools and public forums, bringing the Arctic to Cape Cod communities. Along coastlines worldwide, sea-level rise and storm events are driving saltwater intrusion into terrestrial environments. Present understanding of the drivers and ecosystem ramifications of saltwater intrusion is largely based on studies conducted in temperate and tropical environments. The influence of saltwater intrusion on the physical and biogeochemical properties of permafrost-bound coastlines has been investigated far less, leaving pronounced gaps in understanding of coastal Arctic ecosystem responses to salinization. This study will fill these gaps by expanding knowledge of the processes mediating distributions of coastal porewater salinity and the consequences of Arctic tundra salinization for greenhouse gas fluxes to the atmosphere and nutrient fluxes to the coastal ocean. Through an interdisciplinary field and laboratory study conducted along Alaska’s Beaufort Sea coast, we will (1) characterize subsurface temperature, water level, thaw depth, and porewater salinity dynamics, (2) measure porewater nutrient concentrations and greenhouse gas fluxes, and (3) assess links between water table dynamics, groundwater nutrient concentrations, and greenhouse gas fluxes across healthy and salinized tundra sites. The proposed activities will expand system understanding by uncovering links between tundra salinization and altered physical and biogeochemical processes, enhancing our ability to project coastal ecosystem function in a changing climate. The broader impacts of the project include early career mentorship, participation in K-12 education, and research dissemination to the scientific and broader community. Specifically, this project will train summer interns, a research assistant, and a technician both in the field and laboratory. Through partnerships with the Woods Hole Science and Technology Education Program, project outcomes will regularly be presented at local schools and public forums, and PIs will participate in local activities including mentoring student projects in science fairs. Lastly, results from this project will be disseminated to the scientific community through journal publications and conference presentations.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
海平面上升和风暴事件将盐水推向陆地(即,海水入侵),推动陆地生态系统的化学、生态和温室气体通量的变化。目前对盐水入侵的驱动因素和影响的认识是以温带和热带环境为基础的。人们对沿着北极海岸线的盐水入侵知之甚少,那里的永久冻土是沿海生态系统的基础。在这项研究中,我们调查沿海北极盐水入侵的驱动程序和盐水入侵对孔隙水化学和温室气体通量沿着阿拉斯加的博福特海岸的影响。这项工作将提供对沿着迅速变化的北极海岸线发生的物理、生物和化学过程的基本了解;将培训两名暑期实习生、一名研究助理和实地技术人员;并将资助两名早期职业女性研究人员。研究结果将与科学界以及当地学校和公共论坛分享,将北极带到科德角社区。沿着世界各地的海岸线,海平面上升和风暴事件正在推动盐水侵入陆地环境。目前对盐水入侵的驱动因素和生态系统后果的认识主要是基于在温带和热带环境中进行的研究。盐水入侵的物理和生物地球化学性质的永冻带海岸线的影响进行了调查少得多,留下了明显的差距,了解沿海北极生态系统的盐碱化反应。这项研究将填补这些空白,扩大知识的过程介导的沿海孔隙水盐度的分布和北极冻原盐碱化的温室气体通量到大气和营养物质通量到沿海海洋的后果。通过沿着阿拉斯加的博福特海岸进行的跨学科的领域和实验室研究,我们将(1)表征地下温度,水位,解冻深度和孔隙水盐度动态,(2)测量孔隙水营养浓度和温室气体通量,(3)评估地下水位动态,地下水营养浓度和温室气体通量之间的联系,在健康和盐渍化苔原网站。拟议的活动将通过揭示冻原盐碱化与改变的物理和生物地球化学过程之间的联系来扩大对系统的了解,提高我们在不断变化的气候中预测沿海生态系统功能的能力。该项目更广泛的影响包括早期职业导师,参与K-12教育,以及向科学界和更广泛的社区传播研究。具体而言,该项目将培训暑期实习生、一名研究助理和一名实地和实验室技术人员。通过与伍兹霍尔科技教育计划的合作,项目成果将定期在当地学校和公共论坛上展示,PI将参加当地活动,包括在科学博览会上指导学生项目。最后,该项目的成果将通过期刊出版物和会议报告传播给科学界。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。

项目成果

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