Conference: University of Idaho Institute for Health in the Human Ecosystem Biology of Vector-borne Diseases Course

会议：爱达荷大学人类生态系统健康研究所媒介传播疾病生物学课程

• 批准号: 2316443
• 负责人: Shirley Luckhart
• 金额: $ 25万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Idaho
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-05-01 至 2028-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2316443&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Conference; University; Idaho; Institute; Health

The goal of the Biology of Vector-borne Diseases (BVBD) course is to train graduate students and faculty, health practitioners, government workers, and policymakers to view the biological interactions and parallels among plant, animal, and human health in complex ecosystems as a basis for novel interventions to diseases that currently burden hundreds of millions of people across the globe. Vector-borne diseases are caused by pathogens transmitted by one organism, often an insect, to another organism with disease resulting from pathogen infection. The majority of these diseases have few to no effective interventions for control. Through short presentations, case studies, hands-on modeling exercises, and group discussions of “wicked challenges”, participants learn about the biological connections across plant, animal, and human vector-borne diseases from the subcellular to the ecosystem scale. The annual BVBD course is taught by internationally recognized experts to diverse participants from across the US and around the world, connecting individuals from all impacted regions. The BVBD course is unique in its content and approach to inspire diverse stakeholders and actors to concurrently and holistically address plant, animal, and human vector-borne diseases as interconnected health challenges. Plant, animal, and human vector-borne diseases drive food insecurity across continents, devastate livestock production and cause the deaths of millions each year. These pathosystems are intricately connected in complex ecosystems that range from areas of dense urbanization, agricultural production from the pastoralist to industrial scales, managed forests and deforestation, and large regions that are increasingly subjected to extreme wildfire, drought, temperature shifts and catastrophic weather events. Within these environments, the shared biology and common drivers of plant, animal, and human vector-borne diseases enable not only pathosystem persistence, but also migration and invasion of new species of plants and animals that can fuel disease emergence and re-emergence. There is growing recognition that these connections across multiple biological scales can and should be leveraged concurrently to increase efficiency, sustainability, and efficacy of new control programs to improve health outcomes across all organisms. However, we face substantial intellectual and logistical obstacles in effecting these changes. The BVBD course delivers an integrated framework to break down intellectual and communication barriers that impede our ability to address these disease challenges in complex ecosystems. Because vector-borne diseases disproportionately burden the most under-served and under-resourced populations and regions, it is critical that BVBD participants and instructors reflect both the diversity of populations impacted by these diseases and a range of expertise and experience.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

媒介传播疾病生物学 (BVBD) 课程的目标是培训研究生和教师、卫生从业人员、政府工作人员和政策制定者，让他们了解复杂生态系统中植物、动物和人类健康之间的生物相互作用和相似性，并将其作为针对目前给全球数亿人带来负担的疾病的新干预措施的基础。媒介传播疾病是由一种生物体（通常是昆虫）将病原体传播到另一种因病原体感染而患病的生物体引起的。大多数这些疾病几乎没有有效的干预措施来控制。通过简短的演示、案例研究、动手建模练习和“严峻挑战”的小组讨论，参与者了解植物、动物和人类媒介传播疾病从亚细胞到生态系统规模的生物联系。一年一度的 BVBD 课程由国际知名专家向来自美国和世界各地的不同参与者教授，将来自所有受影响地区的个人联系起来。 BVBD 课程的内容和方法是独一无二的，旨在激励不同的利益相关者和参与者同时全面地应对植物、动物和人类媒介传播疾病这一相互关联的健康挑战。植物、动物和人类媒介传播的疾病导致各大洲粮食不安全，破坏畜牧业生产，每年导致数百万人死亡。这些病理系统在复杂的生态系统中错综复杂地联系在一起，这些生态系统包括密集的城市化地区、从牧区到工业规模的农业生产、森林管理和森林砍伐，以及日益遭受极端野火、干旱、温度变化和灾难性天气事件影响的大片地区。在这些环境中，植物、动物和人类媒介传播疾病的共同生物学和共同驱动因素不仅使病理系统持续存在，而且还导致动植物新物种的迁移和入侵，从而加剧疾病的出现和重新出现。人们越来越认识到，可以而且应该同时利用这些跨多个生物尺度的联系来提高新控制计划的效率、可持续性和功效，从而改善所有生物体的健康结果。然而，我们在实现这些变革时面临着巨大的智力和后勤障碍。 BVBD 课程提供了一个综合框架，以打破阻碍我们应对复杂生态系统中这些疾病挑战的能力的智力和沟通障碍。由于媒介传播疾病给服务最匮乏和资源匮乏的人群和地区带来了不成比例的负担，因此 BVBD 参与者和讲师必须反映受这些疾病影响的人群的多样性以及一系列专业知识和经验。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。