LEAPS-MPS: Where galaxies keep their cool in the heat: A Pathfinder to detect cool cosmic gas filaments and their effects on galaxy properties in clusters.

在最大的尺度上，星系被发现沿着沿着巨大的网状结构排列，通常被称为宇宙网，它是从非常早期的宇宙中微小的密度波动演变而来的。包括首席研究员（PI）在内的一个团队最近的工作得出结论，冷却，低湍流气体可以沿着宇宙网流动，深入星系团，并将星系与热的星系团内介质屏蔽开来，有效地延长了它们形成恒星的能力。这项研究计划将允许（1）更精确地描述对星系团星系动力学和星星形成活动的间接“屏蔽”机制，并有可能（2）间接追踪冷气流本身。该项目将为至少六名来自STEM领域代表性不足的本科生提供独特的研究和专业经验，每个学生都将在职业生涯的早期阶段为另一名学生担任导师和榜样。PI将进行后续试点研究，将完成的3，068个低红移星系（SAMI）的积分场光谱（IFS）调查与150个模拟IFS数据立方体相结合，000个星系使用地平线AGN宇宙学模拟产生。 PI和她的学生将扩展用于创建模拟IFS图像立方体的管道，用于模拟占据细丝和集群环境的星系，包括新开发的淬火诊断。这些将与银河系动力学的标准IFS措施（例如，旋转速度、速度色散和旋转不对称性的地图），以找到最适合追踪星系-暗条相互作用的观测特征，评估星系如何受到星系与星系团内暗条的接近程度的影响，并确定暗条的合并状态如何影响结果。这个LEAPS-MPS研究计划承诺在星系和宇宙网之间的相互作用方面做出重大贡献。这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

On the largest scales, galaxies are found to be arranged along vast networks of filamentary structures, commonly referred to as the cosmic web, that evolved from minute density fluctuations in the very early universe. Recent work by a team including the principal investigator (PI) concluded that cool, low-turbulence gas can flow along the cosmic web and penetrate deep into galaxy clusters and shield galaxies from the hot intra-cluster medium, effectively prolonging their ability to form stars. This research program will allow (1) a more precise characterization of the filamentary "shielding" mechanism on the dynamics and star formation activity of cluster galaxies, with the added potential to (2) indirectly trace the cool gas streams themselves. This program will provide unique research and professional experiences for at least six undergraduate students from groups underrepresented in STEM, with each student acting as a mentor and role model for another student at an earlier career stage.The PI will conduct a follow-up pilot study combining a completed integral-field spectroscopic (IFS) survey of 3,068 low redshift galaxies (SAMI) with mock IFS data cubes for 150,000 galaxies generated using the Horizon-AGN cosmological simulation. The PI and her students will extend the pipeline used to create mock IFS image cubes for simulated galaxies occupying filaments and cluster environments to include newly developed quenching diagnostics. These will be used in conjunction with standard IFS measures of galactic dynamics (e.g., maps of rotational velocity, velocity dispersion, and rotation asymmetry) to find observational signatures best suited to trace galaxy-filament interactions, assess how galaxies are affected by their proximity to intra-cluster filaments, and determine how the merging status of filaments might influence the results. This LEAPS-MPS research program promises to make a significant contribution regarding the interplay between galaxies and the cosmic web.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.