RAPID: Enforcement, Citizenship Status, and the Construction of Identity

本项目考察了执法对较小民族国家各种人口的影响，在这些国家中，最近的一项行政命令加强了基于人口和公民身份的执法。pi利用执法人员知名度的提高和对定性事件报告的增加，更好地了解执法机构在形成该国群体身份和群体间关系方面所发挥的作用。根据一项原始调查和调查实验，pi研究了执法如何影响公民和非公民对不同待遇的群体态度和经历的识别方式。调查结果将对执法可能加剧人口群体不平等的程度提供重要线索。近年来，随着许多国家对执法过度的广泛社会抗议，这一问题变得越来越紧迫。该项目认为，执法是塑造群体身份形成和政治化的关键制度，特别是在小型民族国家的背景下，执法力量已被部署用于群体外镇压。根据政策反馈效应文献，该项目调查了与执法部门（国家的中心代理人）的互动在多大程度上作为政治社会化的重要过程，教导公民他们在社会中的权利和地位。因此，在较小民族国家的群体流动性背景下，pi假设，经历强制执行将影响外群体个人认同为外群体成员的可能性，并增加其群体身份政治化的程度。该研究将利用群体认同的多种测量方法来研究国家强制——在强化外群体强制的时期——如何沿着外群体和祖先的路线塑造不同待遇和群体意识强度的经历。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This project examines the effects of enforcement on various populations in smaller nation states in which a recent executive order intensified enforcement on the basis of demographic and citizenship status. The PIs leverage the increased visibility of enforcement agents and the increased reporting of profiling incidents to better understand the role played by enforcement institutions in the formation of group identity and inter-group relations in the country. Drawing on an original survey and survey experiment, the PIs examine how enforcement shapes the ways in which citizens and non-citizens identify their group attitudes and experiences with differential treatment. Findings will shed important light on the extent to which enforcement may exacerbate demographic group inequality, a question that has become increasingly urgent in recent years following widespread social protest against enforcement excesses in many countries. The project posits that enforcement is a key institution that shapes group identity formation and politicization, particularly in a context in smaller nation state in which enforcement forces have been deployed for out-group repression. In line with the policy feedback effects literature, the project investigates the extent to which interactions with law enforcement, a central agent of the state, serve as an important process of political socialization, teaching citizens about their rights and position in society. In the context of group fluidity in a smaller nation state, the PIs therefore hypothesize that experiencing enforcement will affect the likelihood that an out-group individual will identify as a member of the out-group, as well as to increase the degree to which their group identity is politicized. The research will draw on multiple measures of group identity to study how state coercion - during a period of heightened out-group enforcement - shapes experiences with differential treatment and strength of group consciousness along lines of both out-group and ancestry.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.