Impact of Falling Debris in Structural Collapse Progression

掉落碎片对结构倒塌进程的影响

• 批准号: 2328020
• 负责人: Sarah Orton
• 金额: $ 55.58万
• 依托单位: University of Missouri-Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-01-01 至 2026-12-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2328020&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Impact; Falling; Debris; Structural; Collapse

This award will lead to improved safety and resiliency of buildings by enabling the engineering community to better understand the collapse process of buildings due to various causes, such as earthquakes, wind, collision, deterioration, poor design, and construction errors. Structural collapse can occur due to local failures that progress throughout the building’s members. While the potential local failure is nearly impossible to eliminate, the progression of collapse by the impact of falling structural members can be limited. However, current engineering analysis methods are lacking in the ability to predict the velocity and shape of the falling debris, the loss of energy on impact, and the response of the structural elements to the debris impact. Therefore, there is no suitable way to predict if the falling debris will cause a progression of collapse. Understanding how falling debris can lead to further collapse can lead to techniques to halt collapse in buildings and prevent fatalities. The improved analysis tools developed in this award will serve to advance national prosperity and welfare through future improved code provisions and detailing standards that will provide additional resistance to structural collapse. In addition, this project will provide outreach to diverse high school students and educate college undergraduate and graduate students. This award contributes to the National Science Foundation (NSF) role in the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) and the National Windstorm Impact Reduction Program (NWIRP). The goal of this project is to achieve a fundamental understanding, through experimental and analytical studies, of falling structural debris loading. Improved analysis tools (modeling methods and simplified analysis) will be developed to improve collapse prediction and lead to future designs that can efficiently limit collapse progression. The research will generate critical experimental data and analytical models to provide answers to three fundamental impact questions: (1) velocity, shape, and condition of the falling debris, (2) amount of energy lost and how to analyze the impact, and (3) dynamic response (strength and ductility) of the impacted beam. The project will achieve its goal through (1) analysis of previous collapse tests to determine the velocity, shape, and condition of falling debris, (2) experimental drop beam impact tests to evaluate energy transfer on impact and strength, and (3) detailed finite element method numerical analysis of substructure and prototype buildings to analyze the effects of falling debris and provide validated modeling approaches. The results will be used to develop detailed and simplified analytical tools that can analyze falling debris for prediction of collapse progression. Data from this project will be archived in the NSF-supported Natural Hazards Engineering Research Infrastructure (NHERI) Data Depot (https://www.DesignSafe-ci.org).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项将通过使工程社区能够更好地了解由于各种原因（例如地震，风，碰撞，恶化，设计差和施工错误）而使建筑物的崩溃过程更好地了解建筑物的安全性和弹性。结构性崩溃可能是由于当地失败在整个建筑物的成员中的进展。尽管几乎不可能消除潜在的局部失败，但由于落下的结构成员的影响而崩溃的进展可能受到限制。但是，当前的工程分析方法缺乏预测碎屑降低速度和形状的能力，影响力损失以及结构元素对调试影响的响应。因此，没有合适的方法可以预测碎屑是否会导致崩溃的进展。了解碎屑下降如何导致进一步崩溃会导致阻止建筑物崩溃并防止死亡的技术。在该奖项中开发的改进分析工具将通过未来改进的代码规定和详细标准来提高国家私利和福利，从而为结构崩溃提供额外的抵抗力。此外，该项目将为潜水员高中学生和教育学院的本科生和研究生提供宣传。该奖项促进了国家科学基金会（NSF）在国家地震危害计划（NEHRP）和全国风暴影响减少计划（NWIRP）中的作用。该项目的目的是通过实验和分析研究对结构碎屑负荷下降实现基本理解。改进的分析工具（建模方法和简化的分析）将开发以改善崩溃预测并导致未来的设计，从而有效地限制崩溃的进展。该研究将生成关键的实验数据和分析模型，以提供三个基本影响问题的答案：（1）掉落碎片的速度，形状和状况，（2）损失的能量量以及如何分析影响，以及（3）受影响光束的动态响应（强度和延展性）。该项目将通过（1）分析以前的崩溃测试来实现其目标，以确定碎屑下降的速度，形状和状况，（2）实验性滴束冲击测试，以评估影响和强度的能量转移，以及（3）详细的有限元方法的数值分析亚种结构和原型建筑物，以分析掉落的碎屑和有效模型方法的影响。结果将用于开发详细和简化的分析工具，这些工具可以分析掉落的碎片以预测塌陷进展。该项目的数据将在NSF支持的自然危害工程研究基础设施（NHERI）数据仓库（https://www.designsignsafe-ci.org）中进行存档。该奖项反映了NSF的立法任务，并通过使用基础的知识效果和广泛的评估来评估支持，并被视为诚实。