ExpandQISE: Track 1: Understanding and controlling decoherence in hybrid spin qubit-magnon systems for advancing education and building workforce in emerging quantum technologies

非技术摘要：量子技术有望成为该国未来可持续经济福祉不可或缺的一部分。量子计算和量子传感是不断发展的量子技术的重要组成部分。虽然许多量子技术，如基于超导量子比特的量子计算机，已经可以进行先进的计算，但对超低(0.1K)温度的需求使它们具有挑战性，更难获得。该团队专注于研究和控制钻石自旋量子比特-磁激发(Magnon)混合系统中的量子退相干，该系统可能会作为可扩展的量子信息处理平台，在比超导量子比特更高的温度(≥1K)下运行。该项目的目标是设计、制造、表征和模拟混合结构，其中钻石自旋量子比特及其相互作用由磁子和自旋电流效应控制，使用薄膜或二维磁性材料的异质结构。威奇托州立大学的主要研究人员受益于扩展了内布拉斯加州-林肯大学在先进的量子材料纳米制造和低温量子传感方面的能力。该项目还旨在通过培训一名博士后、几名研究生/本科生/K-12(缩写幼儿园至12年级)学生和4名K-12教师来促进教育，并在新兴量子技术方面建立一支队伍。技术摘要：实现芯片集成的、基于自旋的量子信息处理(QIP)设备取决于通过相干量子总线可控地链接远距离自旋量子比特的能力。为了实现直接的自旋-自旋量子比特耦合，人们提出了基于位于宽带隙半导体表面的线性自旋缺陷链的结构，但近邻之间的短距离(~10 nm)偶极相互作用和相对位置的无序带来了目前难以克服的工程挑战。该项目的目标是设计、制造、表征和模拟金刚石氮空位(NV)自旋量子位(SQS)及其相互作用的混合结构，其中使用薄膜和二维磁性材料的异质结构来控制磁振子和自旋电子学效应。该项目旨在研究不同形状和组成的磁性纳米线、2D薄片和空腔中的SQ磁振子耦合，以及在广泛的温度(0.3-350K)和磁场(高达3T)范围内的耦合，目的是在纳米尺度上确定磁性材料中丰富的磁激发模式的物理机制，混合钻石SQ磁振子系统中退相干的起源，以及在不影响其相干性的情况下使用(经典和量子)磁子耦合遥远的SQ磁振子的最佳工作参数。拟议的研究活动包括：(I)磁性材料(薄膜，2D)的生长和用于产生和控制磁子的自旋电子器件的纳米制造，(Ii)进行静态和动态的磁、光和磁输运测量，(Iii)在常温和低温条件下对薄膜和2D磁体中的磁子进行量子传感，以研究自旋激发的丰富物理和探索量子磁子，(Iv)最终从理论和实验上建立NV SQS和与QIP相关的磁子之间的强相干耦合。内布拉斯加州大学林肯分校(UNL)的首席研究员帮助威奇托州立大学(Wichita State University)的首席研究员扩展了UNL在量子材料(掺杂NV的钻石薄膜、磁性波导/器件)和低温量子传感方面的先进纳米制造能力。该项目的劳动力发展目标是在量子信息科学(QIS)和技术方面培训和指导学生。作为一个新的领域，拥有独特的知识和技能，需要在新兴的量子劳动力中具有竞争力，现在有机会为培养研究生和本科生设计创新的课程，并创建新的教育和推广活动，将量子概念整合起来，以招聘第一代量子科学家和工程师。劳动力发展计划包括：(1)设计量子技术课程的应用学习模块，(2)为新兴的QIS技术设计传统的和基于动画的课程模块，(3)针对K-12教师和K-12学生的教育、培训和指导计划，以及(4)促进包容性和公平的研究计划。该项目由多学科活动办公室(MPS/OMA)、既定的促进竞争研究计划(EPSCoR)联合资助，和技术前沿计划(TIP/TF)。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Non-technical Abstract: Quantum technologies are expected to become integral to the future sustained economic well-being of the country. Quantum computing and quantum sensing are essential parts of evolving quantum technologies. While many quantum technologies, such as quantum computers based on superconducting qubits, are already available to do advanced calculations, the need for ultra-low ( 0.1K) temperatures makes them challenging and less accessible. The team focuses on studying and controlling the quantum decoherence in hybrid diamond spin qubit-magnetic excitation (magnon) systems that could potentially serve as scalable quantum information processing platforms operating at higher temperatures (≥ 1 K) than superconducting qubits. The project's goals are to design, fabricate, characterize, and model hybrid architectures where diamond spin qubits and their interactions are controlled by magnons and spin current effects using heterostructures of thin-film or two-dimensional magnetic materials. The principal investigators at Wichita State University benefit from extending the capabilities in advanced nanofabrication of quantum materials and cryogenic quantum sensing from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. The project also aims to advance education and build a workforce in emerging quantum technologies by training a postdoc, several graduate/undergraduate/K-12 (abbreviating Kindergarten through 12th grade) students, and four K-12 teachers.Technical Abstract: The realization of chip-integrated, spin-based quantum information processing (QIP) devices depends on the ability to controllably link distant spin qubits via a coherent quantum bus. To achieve direct spin-spin qubits coupling, architectures based on linear chains of spin defects positioned on the surface of wide-bandgap semiconductors have been proposed, but the short range (~ 10 nm) of the dipolar interaction between neighbors and disorder in their relative positions impose engineering challenges that are currently difficult to overcome. The goals of the project are to design, fabricate, characterize, and model hybrid architectures where diamond nitrogen-vacancy (NV) spin qubits (SQs) and their interactions are controlled by magnonics and spintronics effects using heterostructures of thin-film and two-dimensional (2D) magnetic materials. The project seeks to study SQ-magnon couplings in magnetic nanowires, 2D flakes, and cavities with different shapes and compositions and at a wide range of temperatures (0.3-350 K) and magnetic fields (up to 3 T) with the goal to identify the physical mechanisms of the rich magnetic excitation modes in magnetic materials at the nanoscale, the origin of decoherence in hybrid diamond SQ-magnon systems, and the optimal working parameters for using (classical and quantum) magnons to couple distant SQs without affecting their coherence. The proposed research activities include: (i) growth of magnetic materials (thin film, 2D) and nanofabrication of spintronic devices for generating and controlling magnons, (ii) perform static and dynamic magnetic, optical, and magneto-transport measurements, (iii) perform quantum sensing of magnons in thin-film and 2D magnets at ambient and cryogenic conditions to study the rich physics of spin excitations and explore quantum magnons, (iv) and finally establish theoretically and experimentally the strong coherent coupling between NV SQs and magnons relevant to QIP. The principal investigator at University of Nebraska Lincoln (UNL) helps the principal investigators at Wichita State University to extend UNL's quantum capabilities in advanced nanofabrication of quantum materials (diamond membranes doped with NVs, magnetic waveguides/devices) and cryogenic quantum sensing. The workforce development goal of this project is to train and mentor students in quantum information science (QIS) and technologies. As a new field with distinct knowledge and skills required to be competitive in the emerging quantum workforce, an opportunity exists to design innovative curricula for training graduate and undergraduate students and to create new education and outreach activities that integrate quantum concepts to recruit first-generation quantum scientists and engineers. The workforce development plans include: (1) design an applied learning module for quantum technologies course, (2) design traditional and animation-based course modules for emerging QIS technologies, (3) education, training, and mentoring Plans for K-12 Teachers and K-12 Students, and (4) promote inclusive and equitable research plan.This project is jointly funded by The Office of Multidisciplinary Activities (MPS/OMA), the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR), and Technology Frontiers Program (TIP/TF).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.