Collaborative Research: CEDAR: Swarm over Poker 2023--An Auroral System-Science Campaign Exemplar of Archiving and Aharing Heterogeneously-Derived Data Products

这一合作项目涉及达特茅斯学院、阿拉斯加大学费尔班克斯分校和SRI，将通过利用2023年扑克蜂群观测活动的系统科学手段来探索和开发新的数据基础设施。该团队将从这个异质、分布式、多点的数据集创建新的强大的组合数据产品，并开发一个数据共享平台，与社区共享派生的异质数据产品和算法。这些数据交织成新的、特色化的数据产品和地图，用于电离层模型摄取和ML研究。这些产品和工具将使研究能够解决一些科学问题，如极光环境背景(活动水平、当地时间、纬度)如何以及在多大程度上控制午夜前弧级极光活动和耦合的具体情况。这是及时的，因为我们的社区正在走向真正的系统科学努力，这需要多样化的数据来极大地促进我们对极光生成和电动力学的理解。该项目的新颖之处在于，它将展示为共享和存档来自不同来源的派生数据产品而设计的研究基础设施的设计，以使新的科学能够进行跨尺度、跨区域耦合的极光研究。该项目将资助研究生和本科生。学习该项目的学生将学习使用不同种类和“多方面”的雪松系统科学，根据跨尺度、跨区域耦合极光研究的需要，将多种分布的数据与特色化工具和建模交织在一起。该项目将主办一系列虚拟社区讨论，以与更广泛的地球空间界接触。2023年扑克集群提供了机会，在2023年2月中旬至3月底与阿拉斯加扑克平地研究靶场的夜间会合期间，从欧空局集群航天器现场收集电离层电流和流动数据。PFRR数据包括经过滤波的极光图像、扑克平坦非相干散射雷达(PFISR)雷达数据、地面磁力测量和其他仪器。现场数据包括热离子等离子体流数据和场向电流数据。从这个异质的、分布式的、多点的数据集，该团队将创建新的和强大的数据产品，通过数据驱动电离层模型来研究极光系统科学。这三个科学目标是：(1)利用2023年冬季扑克蜂群运动数据集，对夜间极光弧的双向弧尺度与区域尺度耦合进行极光系统科学研究。(2)生成工具和数据产品，用于电离层模型可吸收图像衍生和图像制导的不同数据产品，用于这项运动和共享公共用途。(3)以雪松科学驱动的研究为基础，设计了一个新的数据基础设施，用于使用和共享异质派生的雪松科学数据产品。需要解决的具体科学问题是(1)区域极光环境如何以及在多大程度上限制了特定弧形尺度特征的细节？(2)弧形尺度事件签名对区域极光环境的影响是什么？该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This collaborative project, involving Dartmouth College, the University of Alaska Fairbanks, and SRI, will explore and develop a new data infrastructure through the system-science use of a Swarm-over-Poker 2023 auroral observational campaign. The team will create new and powerful combined data products from this heterogeneous, distributed, multipoint data set and develop a data-sharing platform to share the derived heterogeneous data products and algorithms with the community. These data are interwoven into new, featurized data products and maps for both ionospheric model ingestion and ML studies. These products and tools will enable studies addressing science questions such as how and to what extent the auroral environment context (activity level, local time, latitude) controls the specifics of pre-midnight arc-scale auroral activity and coupling. This is timely as our community moves toward true system-science efforts that require a diversity of data to greatly advance our understanding of auroral generation and electrodynamics. The novelty of this project is that it will demonstrate the design of a research infrastructure for sharing and archiving derived data products from heterogeneous sources to enable new science for cross-scale cross-region coupling auroral studies. Graduate and undergraduate students will be supported by this project. The students exposed to this project will learn to work with heterogeneous and “multifaceted” CEDAR system science, interweaving multiply-distributed data with featurization tools, and with modelling, as needed for cross-scale cross-region coupling auroral studies. The project will host a series of virtual community discussions to engage with the broader geospace community.Swarm-over-Poker 2023 provided the opportunity to collect in situ ionospheric current and flow data from the ESA Swarm spacecraft, during nightly conjunctions with Poker Flat Research Range (PFRR), Alaska, from mid-February through the end of March 2023. The PFRR data include filtered auroral imagery, Poker Flat Incoherent Scatter Radar (PFISR) radar data, ground magnetometry, and additional instrumentation. The Swarm in situ data include thermal ion plasma flow data and field-aligned current data. From this heterogeneous, distributed, multipoint data set, the team will create new and powerful data products to address auroral system science by data-driving ionospheric models. The three science objectives are (1) an auroral system-science study of 2- way arc-scale vs regional-scale coupling for nightside auroral arcs using the winter 2023 Swarm-over-Poker campaign dataset. (2) Generation of tools for, and the data products of, ionospheric model-absorbable imagery-derived and imagery-guided heterogeneous data products for this campaign, and for shared public use. (3) Using this CEDAR-science driven study as a testbed for designing a new data infrastructure for using and sharing heterogeneously-derived CEDAR-science data products. Specific science questions to be addressed are (1) How, and how much, does the regional auroral environment constrain the details of specific arc-scale features? (2) What is the effect on the regional auroral environment, from arc-scale event signatures?This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.