FOR 2247: From few to many-body physics with dipolar quantum gases

偶极气体是超冷气体领域中最活跃、最有前途的研究课题之一。偶极-偶极相互作用的长程和各向异性特性有望在少数和多体水平上为偶极气体带来令人兴奋的新物理，这是近年来才开始揭开的。因此，对偶极气体的研究涵盖了一个非常广泛的领域，包含了单个小组难以单独解决的许多方面。因此，拟议的研究单位的主要目标是通过结合我们两国致力于偶极气体的领先研究小组的专业知识，促进德国和奥地利在偶极量子气体物理学这一具有挑战性的领域的竞争力。研究单位将允许创造新的协同作用和合作，并建立一个共同的平台，以解决现代量子物理学前沿的新问题。我们计划联合收割机，并协调我们的研究活动沿着三个主要的科学目标：-新的实验工具的开发，用于创建和操作的简并气体的高磁性原子和极性分子。研究两体和少体碰撞过程（如反应和非反应碰撞），并建立一个通用工具箱，用于设计原子和分子偶极气体的两体和少体性质。多体偶极物理学的理论和实验研究，特别强调新现象，如旋子激发，层间复合物和超固体。我们坚定地致力于建立一个合作框架，这将在我们的团队之间建立新的联系和坚实的合作，鼓励活跃的讨论，交换技术诀窍，并在我们的团队之间开发新的想法和工具。我们将通过一个联合虚拟研究所来组织这些网络活动，该研究所将组织几项举措，包括共同的IT基础设施、访问者计划、年度研讨会、学生访问和协调工作队。

Dipolar gases constitute one of the most active and promising research topics in the very competitive field of ultracold gases. The long-range and anisotropic character of the dipole-dipole interaction is expected to result in an exciting novel physics for dipolar gases both at the few- and many-body level, which is just starting to be unveiled in recent years. Hence, research on dipolar gases covers a very broad area, containing many aspects that a single group will hardly be able to address alone. The main objective of the proposed Research Unit is thus to foster the competitiveness of Germany and Austria in the challenging field of dipolar quantum gas physics by combining the expertise of leading research groups working on dipolar gases in our two countries. The Research Unit will allow to create new synergies and collaborations, and to build a common platform to address novel questions at the forefront of modern quantum physics. We plan to combine and coordinate our research activities along three main scientific objectives:- The development of novel experimental tools for the creation and manipulation of degenerate gases of highly magnetic atoms and polar molecules.- The investigation of two- and few-body collisional processes (such as reactive and non-reactive collisions) and the establishment of a common toolbox for engineering two and few-body properties of dipolar gases of atoms and molecules.- The theoretical and experimental investigation of many-body dipolar physics with particular emphasis on novel phenomena such as roton excitations, inter-layer composites, and supersolids.We are strongly committed to establish a collaborative frame that will create new links and solid cooperation between our teams, encouraging lively discussions, the interchange of know-how, and development of novel ideas and tools among our groups. We will structure these networking activities by means of a Joint Virtual Institute, which will organize several initiatives, including a common IT infrastructure, a visitors program, yearly workshops, student visits, and coordinated task forces.