Collaborative Research: RAPID: Fault rock and spring sampling of the 2023 Kahramanmaras, Turkey, earthquake sequence ruptures

该项目涉及对土耳其Kahramanmaras 7.8和7.5级灾难性地震破裂相关的岩石、沉积物、水和天然气进行采样。这些样品对于解决近地表环境的物理和化学性质如何影响地震破裂如何传播或停止，以及地震如何改变地下水沿断层迁移至关重要。由于研究没有经历过近期地震的地震活跃断层的科学家通常不得不推断在地震中观察到的岩石是否在地震中形成和变形，这些新样本将对地震变形的独特特征进行基准测试。因此，这些样本将为正在进行的和未来的全球大震级断层研究提供信息。包括一名女性STEM研究员在内的美国pi将与土耳其同事密切合作，通过指导伊斯坦布尔技术大学的一名土耳其本科生进行实地工作，扩大研究、教育和培训机会。该项目以土耳其最近发生的MW 7.8和MW 7.5 Kahramanmaras地震序列和相关的地表破裂为中心，是一个前所未有的、时间敏感的机会，可以对这些灾难性事件中直接参与地表破裂的地球物质和流体进行采样。pi将利用新的地表破裂图来采样(1)断层岩石、沉积物和土壤，这些岩石来自离散的陡坡，以及由这些地震破裂产生的新断层表面；(2)在过去多次地震周期中产生和变形的断层，这些地震周期随后参与了这些破裂；(3)沿着裂缝的新冒泡泉和这些断层附近的现有温泉产生的水和气体。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，认为值得支持。

This project involves sampling rock, sediment, water, and gas associated with the catastrophic MW 7.8 and MW 7.5 Kahramanmaras earthquake ruptures in Turkey. These samples are critical for addressing how the physical and chemical properties of the near-surface environment influence how earthquake ruptures propagate or stop, and how earthquakes change groundwater migration along faults. Because scientists working on seismically active faults that have not experienced recent earthquakes commonly have to infer whether rocks observed in the field formed and deformed during an earthquake, these new samples will benchmark characteristics that are unique to earthquake deformation. Thus, these samples will inform on-going and future studies of large-magnitude earthquake-generating faults world-wide. The US PIs, including a female STEM researcher, will work closely with Turkish colleagues and expand research, education, and training opportunities by mentoring a Turkish undergraduate from Istanbul Technical University in field work.This projects centers on the recent MW 7.8 and MW 7.5 Kahramanmaras earthquake sequence and associated surface rupture in Turkey and is an unprecedented and time-sensitive opportunity to sample Earth materials and fluids that directly participated in surface ruptures during these catastrophic events. The PIs will leverage new mapping of both surface ruptures to sample (1) fault rocks, sediments, and soils from discrete scarps and new fault surfaces produced by these earthquake ruptures, (2) fault damage created and deformed during multiple past earthquake cycles that subsequently participated in these ruptures, (3) waters and gases from new bubbling springs along the ruptures and existing thermal springs proximal to these faults, and (4) in situ CO2 flux measurements along the ruptures at all sample locationsThis award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.