CAREER: Timely Estimation of Nitrogen Oxides Emissions for Improved Monitoring and Simulation of Atmospheric Chemical Processes

该职业项目的目标是利用新一代卫星观测量化氮氧化物的排放源，并将基于观测的框架应用于对空气质量和气候变化至关重要的其他大气物种。通过该项目制定的框架将利用来自新一代卫星的大量观测数据，并将这些数据转化为先进的大气化学知识，这将有助于监测、模拟和调节空气污染和温室气体。这个项目的重点是利用方向导数方法（DDA）实现一种更有效的方法来估计卫星观测的污染物排放量。本研究的目标如下：(1)利用定义良好的大气模式模拟评估基于观测的框架的准确性并提高理论认识；(2)通过地面真实观测验证和校准基于卫星的氮氧化物（NOx）排放；(3)简化基于卫星的氮氧化物排放用于社区应用，并将排放估算扩展到氮氧化物以外的物种。另一个目标是通过综合教育、外联和研究促进科学参与，提高对空气污染和气候变化的认识。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This CAREER project has the goal of quantifying the emission sources of nitrogen oxides using new-generation satellite observations and applying an observation-based framework to other atmospheric species that are crucial for air quality and climate change. The framework developed through this project will harness a large volume of observational data from new-generation satellites and transform the data into advanced atmospheric chemistry knowledge that will help to monitor, simulate, and regulate air pollution and greenhouse gases.This project is focused on achieving a more efficient method for estimating pollutant emissions from satellite observations using the directional derivative approach (DDA). This research has following objectives: (1) Assess the accuracy and improve the theoretical understanding of the observation-based framework using well-defined atmospheric model simulations, (2) Validate and calibrate satellite-based nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions by ground-truth observations, and (3) Streamline satellite-based NOx emissions for community applications and extend the emission estimation to species beyond NOx. An additional objective is to promote engagement in science and enhance awareness of air pollution and climate change through integrated education, outreach, and research.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.