CAREER: A Cyberinfrastructure Enabled Hybrid Spatial Decision Support System for Improving Coastal Resilience to Flood Risks

全球变暖的影响，包括海平面上升和极端天气事件，正在导致洪水易发地区的扩大和灾害风险的增加。与水有关的灾害，特别是洪水，对人类生命、财产和环境构成重大和多方面的威胁。由于应急人员情况的紧迫性和复杂性，洪水管理的决策是具有挑战性的。例如，洪水情况往往涉及迅速变化的条件和不确定因素。决策通常是根据不同的地球物理、社会经济和人口状况，通过对与决策目标及其相关评价标准密切相关的问题进行调查来实现的。随着地理空间大数据意识的提高和计算能力的不断增强，洪水管理逐渐得到加强，以产生形势了解，为及时决策提供支持。这个职业项目建立了一个混合空间决策支持系统，由先进的网络基础设施和地理空间人工智能提供支持，以更好地了解沿海地区与水有关的灾害。这一决策支持系统将加强公民与应急管理组织之间的沟通，并为当地社区以及那些缺乏应对灾害所需的正常社会保障网络的社会群体，如少数群体、低收入者和残障人士提供灾害决策支持。协同教育和外联活动为研究人员和大学生和高中生提供了学习地理空间高性能计算和地理空间灾害科学的机会，以通过大学课程和多层次和高中教育方案扩大代表不足的学生对计算的参与。这一职业项目建立了一个混合空间决策支持系统，将可扩展的地理空间数据和可视化工具集成到一个支持网络基础设施的框架中，以支持洪水管理方面的决策。该项目还建立了一个科学路线图，利用先进的网络基础设施、地理空间人工智能和教育活动来推进灾害决策科学，以教育社区更好地为洪水灾害做好准备。在混合空间决策支持系统中，高性能的基于网络基础设施的界面加速了对与灾难相关的网络公共数据表单(NetCDF)数据的读取和可视化。另一项创新是将数据驱动的方法与专家驱动的决策分析相结合，以实现更准确、更全面和更透明的洪水风险评估，从而弥合数字世界和人类对风险的感知之间的差距。社区参与活动和受使用启发的研究被用来评估在洪水风险预测中使用地理空间人工智能和决策模型的信任程度和透明度。最后，该项目将研究成果整合到教育课程和活动中，让学生和研究人员参与灾害管理研究的高性能计算思维。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The effects of global warming, including sea level rise and extreme weather events, are leading to an expansion of flood-prone areas and increasing disaster risks. Water-related hazards, particularly flooding, pose a significant and multifaceted threat to human life, property, and the environment. Decision-making in flood management is challenging due to the urgency and complexity of the responders' situations. For example, flood situations often involve rapidly changing conditions and uncertainties. A decision is usually achieved through an inquiry into questions closely tied to decision objectives and their associated evaluation criteria based on diverse geophysical, socioeconomic, and demographic conditions. Flood management is gradually empowered by increasing geospatial big-data awareness and growing computing capabilities to produce situational understanding for supporting timely decisions. This CAREER project builds a Hybrid Spatial Decision Support System powered by advanced cyberinfrastructure and geospatial artificial intelligence to better understand water-related hazards in coastal regions. This decision support system will enhance the communication between citizens and emergency management organizations and provide disaster decision support to local communities as well as to those social groups that lack the usual social safety nets necessary in disaster response, such as minority groups, people with low incomes, and physically challenged people. The synergistic education and outreach activities offer learning opportunities about geospatial high-performance computing and geospatial disaster science to researchers and university and high school students to broaden the participation of underrepresented students in computing through university courses and multi-level and high-school education programs.This CAREER project builds a Hybrid Spatial Decision Support System that integrates scalable geospatial data and visualization tools into a cyberinfrastructure-enabled framework to support decision-making in flood management. This project also establishes a scientific roadmap to advance disaster decision science using advanced cyberinfrastructure, geospatial artificial intelligence, and education activities to educate communities to better prepare for flood hazards. In the Hybrid Spatial Decision Support System, a high-performance cyberinfrastructure-based interface accelerates reading and visualizing disaster-related Network Common Data Form (NetCDF) data. Another innovation is to combine the data-driven approach with expert-driven decision analysis to enable a more accurate, comprehensive, and transparent flood risk assessment that bridges the gap between the digital world and human perception of risk. Community engagement activities and use-inspired research are used to evaluate the level of trust and transparency of using geospatial artificial intelligence and decision-making models in flood risk prediction. Finally, the project integrates research outcomes into educational curricula and activities to engage students and researchers in high-performance computational thinking for disaster management research.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.