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Eloquent animals: narrative conceptualisations of human-animal relations in 14th to 16th century germanophone Animal Literature

雄辩的动物：14至16世纪德语动物文学中人与动物关系的叙事概念化

基本信息

批准号：
259169715
负责人：
Professorin Dr. Julia Weitbrecht
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Deutsche Sprache und Literatur I
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2013-12-31 至 2018-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/259169715?language=en
关键词：
Eloquent animals narrative conceptualisations human

项目摘要

Divided into three sub-projects, the project investigates the ways in which both Beast Literature (Fable and Epic) and natural history represent and functionalise animals during the 14th to 16th centuries. Texts from both these spheres not only unanimously project animals as characters possessing distinctive qualities, but also collectively place them (either on the level of plot or of interpretation, or as a part of the particular knowledge imparted) in a specific relation to Man. Said texts will be treated jointly as Animal Literature in the sense, that it reflects and reflects on human-animal relations by confronting both parties and letting them interact. Animals are not anthropomorphised, nor are they necessarily endowed with speech; yet through their linguistic representations they nonetheless become eloquent in the sense that they address humanity. As animals are thus encountered also in their character as agents of processes of knowledge generation, the project intends to extrapolate the diverse ways in which in Animal Literature they communicate and continually re-produce the boundary between Man and Beast. In the period under study, a vast variety of vernacular encyclopaedia, corpora of fables and beast epics emerges, which bespeak a productive approach to until then comparatively stable traditions of representing animals. Shedding its ties with pragmatic, educational demands, vernacular Animal Literature enters different contexts and thus generates new formations of knowledge, all the while recasting and increasing the imaginative potential of the eloquent animal within a sphere subject to the requirements of knowledge and narrativity alike. Both encyclopaedic and narrative literature extensively dwell on the "nature" of animals. The relation between knowledge about animals and narrating animals, however, is one of interdependence rather than of mere parallelity. Texts relating to natural history distribute a form of knowledge about animals that is organised in sets of distinctive qualities, with moralising and allegorical narratives taking up the latter in order to interrelate them with Man. Conversely, natural historical writings derive their knowledge from narrative sources and/or impart it in narrative form. Investigation of these interferences therefore carries the promise of insights into specific narrative conceptualisations of human-animal relations that generate a form of animal-related knowledge shaped by its historical context of gradual differentiation between literarisation and scientification. The project aims to trace a pre-modern poetics of knowledge about animals by following three lines of systematic inquiry, focussing on the relation of knowledge and narrativity (SP 1), on conceptualisations of space in negotiations of human-animal relations (SP 2), and on projections of wars between species (SP 3), respectively.

该项目分为三个子项目，研究野兽文学（寓言和史诗）和自然历史在14至16世纪期间表现和功能化动物的方式。来自这两个领域的文本不仅一致地将动物作为具有独特品质的人物，而且共同地将它们置于（无论是在情节或解释的水平，或作为一个特定的知识传授的一部分）在一个特定的关系，以人说的文本将被视为动物文学的意义上，它反映和反思人与动物的关系，让双方面对，让他们互动。动物不是拟人化的，它们也不一定具有语言能力;然而，通过它们的语言表征，它们在表达人类的意义上变得雄辩。由于动物在其性格中也被视为知识生成过程的代理人，因此该项目旨在推断动物文学中它们交流的不同方式，并不断再现人与野兽之间的边界。在所研究的时期，出现了大量的方言百科全书、寓言和野兽史诗，这表明了一种富有成效的方法，直到那时为止，动物的表现传统相对稳定。摆脱了与实用主义、教育需求的联系，白话动物文学进入了不同的语境，从而产生了新的知识形式，同时在一个受知识和叙事性要求约束的领域内重塑和增加了雄辩动物的想象潜力。古代和叙事文学都广泛地论述了动物的“本性”。然而，关于动物的知识和叙述动物之间的关系是相互依存的，而不仅仅是平行的。与自然历史相关的文本传播了一种关于动物的知识形式，这种知识是以一系列独特的品质组织起来的，道德化和寓言式的叙述占据了后者，以便将它们与人类联系起来。因此，对这些干扰的调查有希望深入了解人类与动物关系的具体叙事概念化，这种叙事概念化产生了一种与动物相关的知识形式，这种知识形式是由文学化和科学化之间逐渐分化的历史背景所塑造的。该项目旨在通过以下三条系统的调查路线来追踪关于动物知识的前现代诗学，分别侧重于知识和叙述性的关系（SP 1），人与动物关系谈判中的空间概念化（SP 2）以及物种之间战争的预测（SP 3）。