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Adaptation to selfing in the genus Capsella: Inferring the evolutionary history and adaptive value of selfing-syndrome alleles

荠菜属对自交的适应：推断自交综合症等位基因的进化历史和适应价值

基本信息

批准号：
260499038
负责人：
Professor Dr. Michael Lenhard, since 9/2017
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Biochemie und Biologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Priority Programmes
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2013-12-31 至 2018-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/260499038?language=en
关键词：
Adaptation selfing genus Capsella Inferring

项目摘要

A common event in the evolution of flowering plants is the transition from outbreeding to selfing. In many cases, this transition has been followed by convergent evolution of the floral morphology towards a dramatically reduced flower size and less open structure. Several adaptive hypotheses have been formulated to explain the emergence of this so-called selfing syndrome. They have however been difficult to test rigorously up to now due to the lack of identified casual underlying genes. Also, the extent to which recurrent mutations in orthologous loci have contributed to the frequent independent emergence of the selfing syndrome is currently unknown. The genus Capsella has recently emerged as a model to study the evolution of the selfing syndrome. The transition to selfing has occurred independently twice in this genus, and in both cases this has been followed by a strong reduction of flower size. Using a quantitative-genetics approach, I have identified a gene underlying the reduction of petal size in the selfing species C. rubella relative to the closely related outbreeding species C. grandiflora. Population-genetic analyses indicate that the small-petal allele has been captured from standing genetic variation in the outcrossing species.This proposal will pursue two major objectives: (1) to investigate the effects of the small-petal allele on fitness and (2) to assess whether the independent emergence of the selfing syndrome in C. orientalis involved mutations to the same loci identified in C. rubella. The effect of the small-petal allele on plant reproductive success in a natural environment will be investigated by association studies in natural populations and a common-garden experiment, and its allele frequency and geographical distribution in the descendants of the ancestral outcrossing species will be studied. The genetic basis of the selfing syndrome in C. orientalis will be compared to that in C. rubella by comparative QTL mapping, comparative transcriptomic analyses and direct testing of C. orientalis alleles by transgenic experiments. As a result, the proposed project will help to understand why selfing-syndrome alleles become fixed in selfing species, and will define the genetic basis underlying the convergent evolution of floral morphology after the transition to selfing.

显花植物进化过程中的一个共同事件是从远系繁殖到自交的转变。在许多情况下，这种转变之后，花的形态朝着显着减少花的大小和开放的结构趋同进化。几个适应性假说已经制定来解释这种所谓的自交综合征的出现。然而，到目前为止，由于缺乏确定的偶然潜在基因，它们很难进行严格的测试。此外，在何种程度上经常性的突变，在orthopathy基因座已促成频繁的独立出现的自交综合征是目前未知的。荠菜属最近成为研究自交综合征进化的模型。在本属中，向自交的过渡独立地发生了两次，并且在这两种情况下，随后是花大小的强烈减小。利用数量遗传学的方法，我已经确定了一个基因的减少花瓣大小的自交物种C。rubella相对于密切相关的远交种C.大花。群体遗传分析表明，小花瓣等位基因是从异交种的遗传变异中捕获的，本研究的主要目的是：（1）研究小花瓣等位基因对适合度的影响; orientalis涉及在C.风疹将通过自然群体中的关联研究和共同花园实验来研究小花瓣等位基因对植物在自然环境中繁殖成功的影响，并将研究其在祖先异交物种后代中的等位基因频率和地理分布。探讨了C. orientalis与C.风疹的比较QTL定位，比较转录组学分析和C. orientalis等位基因的转基因实验。因此，拟议的项目将有助于理解为什么自交综合征等位基因成为固定在自交物种，并将定义的遗传基础后，过渡到自交花形态的趋同进化。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（6）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Standing genetic variation in a tissue-specific enhancer underlies selfing-syndrome evolution in Capsella

DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1613394113
发表时间：
2016-11
期刊：
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
影响因子：
0
作者：
A. Sicard;C. Kappel;Y. Lee;N. Woźniak;Cindy Marona;J. Stinchcombe;S. Wright;Michael Lenhard
通讯作者：
A. Sicard;C. Kappel;Y. Lee;N. Woźniak;Cindy Marona;J. Stinchcombe;S. Wright;Michael Lenhard

Evolvability of flower geometry: Convergence in pollinator-driven morphological evolution of flowers.