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Molecular mechanism and adaptive value of leaf shape plasticity in the genus Capsella.

荠菜属叶形可塑性的分子机制及适应价值。

基本信息

批准号：
290460955
负责人：
Professor Dr. Michael Lenhard, since 9/2017
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Biochemie und Biologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2015-12-31 至 2019-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/290460955?language=en
关键词：
Molecular mechanism adaptive value leaf

项目摘要

Plants as sessile organisms are strongly exposed to their environment and therefore had to evolve elaborate mechanisms to adapt their development and physiology to ambient conditions. Since climate is highly unpredictable in nature and fluctuates considerably over days, months and years, these adaptations need to be dynamic and plastic. Indeed, plants have to be able to rapidly sense their environment and optimise their metabolism and growth accordingly to best perform in those conditions. The leaf is one of the most plastic organs in plants. Their biological function obliges leaves to find a balance between developing a sufficient surface area to optimise gas exchange and the amount of light that can be captured, while minimizing their exposure to stressful conditions. As a result, the final size and shape of leaves are highly dependent on growing conditions. A long standing observation is that the level of leaf dissection negatively correlates with temperature. However, very little is known about the molecular mechanisms that integrate temperature signals into leaf development and how the resulting changes in leaf geometry may contribute to fitness. The proposed project aims to take advantage of our recent findings on the genetic basis of temperature-induced leaf shape plasticity in the genus Capsella to investigate the molecular and ecological relationship between climate, leaf surface area and overall plant fitness. In this genus, a decrease in ambient temperature activate the expression of the REDUCED COMPLEXITY 3 (RCO-3) gene, which in turn increase the dissection level of the leaves. Polymorphisms within this locus between two sister species of this genus underlie natural variation in leaf shape and RCO-3 temperature response. This allelic variation in RCO-3 temperature perception offers a unique opportunity to dissect the molecular mechanisms and ecological consequences associated with temperature-induced leaf shape plasticity.

植物作为无根生物强烈暴露于环境中，因此必须进化出复杂的机制来适应环境条件的发育和生理。由于气候在自然界中是高度不可预测的，并且在几天、几个月和几年里波动很大，因此这些适应需要是动态的和可塑的。事实上，植物必须能够快速感知它们的环境，并相应地优化它们的新陈代谢和生长，以在这些条件下取得最佳表现。叶子是植物中最具可塑性的器官之一。它们的生物功能迫使叶子在发展足够的表面积以优化气体交换和可以捕获的光量之间找到平衡，同时最大限度地减少它们在压力条件下的暴露。因此，叶子的最终大小和形状高度依赖于生长条件。一个长期的观察是，叶片解剖水平与温度负相关。然而，对于将温度信号整合到叶片发育中的分子机制以及由此产生的叶片几何形状变化如何影响适应性，人们知之甚少。本项目旨在利用我们最近在辣椒属植物温度诱导叶片形状可塑性的遗传基础上的研究成果，研究气候、叶表面积与植物整体适应性之间的分子和生态关系。在这个属中，环境温度的降低激活了降低复杂性3 （RCO-3）基因的表达，从而增加了叶片的解剖水平。该基因座在该属的两个姊妹种之间的多态性是叶片形状和RCO-3温度响应的自然变异的基础。这种RCO-3温度感知的等位基因变异提供了一个独特的机会来剖析与温度诱导的叶片形状可塑性相关的分子机制和生态后果。