FOR 2284: Model-based scalable gas-phase synthesis of complex nanoparticles

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Functional materials based on inorganic nanoparticles have a greatapplication potential. Beyond the pure variation of the chemicalcomposition, the structure size opens new dimensions for the creationof unusual materials properties. Highly potent energy storagematerials, noble metal free catalysts, efficient semiconducting lightabsorbers and emitters, or biocompatible materials for medicaldiagnostics are just a few examples of the range of applications ofinorganic nanomaterials. Apart from the composition of the resultingprimary particles in the synthesis process, the morphology ofsecondary and tertiary structures determines the practical applicabilityof the materials. In order to influence and utilize these structure-basedproperties, highly specific synthesis routes are imperative. On thebasis of the primary nanoparticles, this facilitates the selective andreproducible adjustment of structure size, morphology, andstructurally defined materials combinations. To be able to producenanomaterials with the appropriate characteristics in industriallyrelevant quantities, the scalability of the processes must also beensured, and this is something for which the gas-phase synthesis isparticularly suitable. This is where the vision of the Research Unittakes effect. Based on the understanding of the elementary steps ofprecursor chemistry, particle formation, particle-particle interaction,and in situ functionalization, design rules for synthesis processes andreactors are developed and demonstrated. These enable a targetedsynthesis, modification, and structuring of nanoparticles in the gasphase. Two materials systems are examined as an example –composites based on iron and iron oxide nanoparticles and structuredsilicon particles and nanocomposites. As the focus of the ResearchUnit is on the combination of analysis, modeling, and simulation,materials and processes are sequentially investigated with anincrease in complexity. Thus, at every intermediate stage, feedbackwith the experiment and validation of the simulations and design rulescan be ensured. The project opens up the producibility of newmaterial variations as well as being aimed at the development ofscalable processes and research-based, validated simulationmethods. These are essential foundations for a reliable use of highlyspecific functional nanoparticle ensembles and their industrialapplication.