Development of Web Processing Services for the automated generalisation of isolated polygon groups (WPS-PolyGen)

制作用于纸张和网络演示的地形图和专题地图越来越多地基于自动化程序。根据应用和质量要求，它们由手动、交互式的预处理和后处理支持。拟议项目的目的是进一步发展自动化概括程序，特别是处理分组制图对象的方法。因此，有必要考虑结构关系，这是Bertin（1974）提到的最复杂的概括任务。首先，克服单个对象的孤立泛化的方法存在于多边形马赛克中的聚集，道路和水网的细化以及建筑群体的泛化。需要进行先进的研究和开发，以派生代表湖泊、岛屿和森林等自然物体的孤立多边形群的制图表示。在建议的项目中，必须处理以下主要任务。首先，必须开发使用空间索引结构（如r树）进行划分和冲突检测的技术。第二步，针对孤立多边形群进行泛化算法的设计和开发，重点关注多边形群的类型化。起点可以是利用分层、凝聚和基于图的聚类方法。目的是开发一种迭代方法，在考虑尺度各自分辨率的情况下，随着距离和尺寸阈值的增加，生成特征表示。第三个主要任务是在泛化过程中建模和考虑多边形之间的结构关系。为此目的，可以引入丰富的数据结构，实现为水平关系对象，并且必须定义额外的制图约束，以保持各自的组属性均质化。作为上述任务的补充，该项目旨在实现孤立多边形组的进一步泛化算子作为Web处理服务。研究问题将涉及为个体和群体对象开发的泛化操作符的编排和组合。仍然占主导地位的对单个对象的孤立概括是可以克服的。通过开发数据丰富方面的关系建模方法和通过泛化算子考虑结构关系，可以在自动化地图制作中达到一个新的定性水平。精细化的泛化web服务将有助于减少人工处理并提高地图的现实性。

The production of topographic and thematic maps for paper and web presentations are based increasingly on automated procedures. They are supported by manual, interactive pre-and post-processing depending on the application and quality requirements. The aim of the proposed project is to develop automated generalisation procedures further, in particular approaches for processing grouped cartographic objects. Necessary therefore is the consideration of structural relations, which is the generalisation task with the greatest complexity as mentioned by Bertin (1974).First approaches that overcome an isolated generalisation of single objects exist for the aggregation within polygon mosaics, for the thinning of roads and water networks as well as for the generalisation of building groups. Advanced research and development is required for the derivation of cartographic representations of isolated polygon groups which stand for natural objects such as lakes, islands and forests.In the proposed project, the following main tasks has to be processed. First, techniques must be developed for the partitioning and conflict detection using spatial index structures such as the R-tree. In the second step, the design and development of generalisation algorithms has to be carried out for isolated polygon groups with focus on the typification. Starting point can be the utilisation of hierarchical, agglomerative and graph-based clustering methods. The aim is to develop an iterative method, which generates characteristic representations in consideration of scale respective resolution with increasing distance and size thresholds. The third main task is on the modelling and consideration of structural relationships between polygons in the generalisation process. For this purpose, enriched data structures can be introduced implemented as horizontal relational objects and additional cartographic constraints has to be defined to maintain respective homogenise the group properties.Complementary to the above mentioned tasks the projects aims on the implementation of further generalisation operators for isolated polygon groups as Web Processing Service. Research questions will deal with the orchestration and combination of the generalisation operators which have been developed for individual and group objects. The still predominant isolated generalisation of individual objects could be overcome. A new qualitative level can be achieved in the automated map production through the development of approaches for modelling relations in terms of data enrichment and a consideration of the structural relationships by generalisation operators. Refined generalisation web services would help to reduce manual processing and to increase the actuality of maps.