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Comparison of life-long neurogenic processes in sea spiders and crustaceans - indications for an ancestral adult neurogenic system in Arthropoda?

海蜘蛛和甲壳类动物终生神经发生过程的比较——节肢动物祖先成年神经发生系统的迹象？

基本信息

批准号：
263737959
负责人：
Dr. Georg Brenneis
金额：
--
依托单位：
Arbeitsgruppe Cytologie und Evolutionsbiologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Fellowships
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2013-12-31 至 2016-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/263737959?language=en
关键词：
Comparison life long neurogenic processes

项目摘要

Adult neurogenesis, i.e., the production and integration of neural cells into adult nervous systems, is well known in vertebrates. By comparison, however, this phenomenon remains incompletely documented in numerous invertebrate groups. This holds also for the most diverse animal lineage Arthropoda, for which detailed data are only available in decapod crustaceans and to a lesser degree for some insects.In this project, adult neurogenic processes in sea spiders (Pycnogonida) and crayfish as representatives of decapod crustaceans will be investigated at the cell genealogical level. A combination of in-vitro and in-vivo techniques will be applied in conjunction with (time-lapse) confocal imaging and 3D reconstruction.A major goal of the investigations on crayfish is to clarify whether first-generation neural precursors are recruited from specific blood cells, which represent a component of the innate immune system and are descendents from hematopoietic stem cells. This would highlight a remarkable trans-differentiation from cells of mesodermal origin into neural cell types that are classical textbook examples for an ectodermal cell fate.The studies on sea spiders, on the other hand, will first of all seek to unequivocally prove that neurogenic processes - as strongly indicated by recent findings - do continue throughout adult life of these animals. Subsequent experiments will then aim to provide a better characterization of the neural precursors, their cell division and cell migration dynamics, and of the differentiating neural cell types.Moreover, potential similarities between the adult neurogenic systems of sea spiders and crayfish will be critically assessed and evaluated against an evolutionary background. It will be determined whether the involved structures and processes can be considered as being homologous, i.e., to have a common evolutionary origin. Since the sea spider lineage is a relatively early offshoot during arthropod evolution, this promises to reveal important insights into an ancestral life-long neurogenic system in the arthropod stem species.

成人神经发生，即，在脊椎动物中，神经细胞的产生和整合到成年神经系统中是众所周知的。然而，相比之下，这种现象在许多无脊椎动物群体中仍然没有完全记录。这也适用于最多样化的动物谱系节足目，其详细数据仅在十足类甲壳动物中可用，在较小程度上对某些昆虫也是如此。在本项目中，以十足类甲壳动物为代表的海蜘蛛（Pycnogonida）和小龙虾的成年神经发生过程将在细胞谱系水平上进行研究。体外和体内技术的结合将与（延时）共聚焦成像和3D重建相结合。对小龙虾研究的一个主要目标是澄清第一代神经前体是否从特定的血细胞中招募，血细胞代表先天免疫系统的一个组成部分，是造血干细胞的后代。这将突出一个显着的trans-differentiation从中胚层起源的细胞到神经细胞类型，是经典的教科书的例子外胚层细胞的命运。另一方面，对海蜘蛛的研究，首先将寻求明确证明，神经过程-最近的研究结果强烈表明-继续在这些动物的整个成年生活。随后的实验将旨在提供一个更好的表征的神经前体，他们的细胞分裂和细胞迁移动力学，以及分化的神经细胞types. Further，潜在的相似性之间的成年海蜘蛛和小龙虾的神经系统将严格评估和评估的进化背景。将确定所涉及的结构和过程是否可以被认为是同源的，即，有着共同的进化起源由于海蜘蛛谱系是节肢动物进化过程中的一个相对较早的分支，这有望揭示节肢动物干物种的祖先终身神经系统的重要见解。