COMPoSE: Characterization of phase partitioning in mixed-phase clouds

COMPoSE：混合相云中相分配的表征

• 批准号: 265895270
• 负责人: Dr. Heike Kalesse-Los
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Brookhaven National Laboratory
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2013-12-31 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/265895270?language=en
• 关键词: COMPoSE; Characterization; phase; partitioning; mixed

The formation and life cycle of mixed-phase clouds - in which supercooled liquid water droplets and solid ice crystals coexist - are poorly understood because making accurate mixed-phase cloud observations remains a challenge. Especially, the lack of a full vertical characterization of the distribution of supercooled liquid layers in mixed-phase clouds is one of the major deficiencies in widely applied observational methods. The proposed project is motivated by this existing gap in mixed-phase cloud observations and proposes a series of novel methods and models to tackle this complex problem. Mixed-phase cloud observations will be made with state-of-the-art high-resolution measurements with remote-sensing instruments such as cloud Doppler radar and Doppler- and polarization lidar. Synergistic profiling measurements with cloud radars and lidars to identify the liquid component of mixed-phase clouds are usually limited to the maximum lidar observation height which is determined by the complete signal attenuation at a penetrated optical depth of about three.In contrast, cloud radars are able to penetrate multiple liquid layers and could thus be used to expand the vertically resolved cloud phase identification in the entire vertical column beyond the lidar measurement range if appropriate algorithms to identify the liquid layer from radar measurements are developed. In the proposed project the full radar Doppler spectrum - which has a unique signature representing cloud microphysics and dynamics - will be analyzed in order to determine the phase partitioning in mixed-phase clouds in the entire vertical column beyond lidar extinction. Additionally, the radar Doppler spectra will be used to determine the vertical air motion to gain insight on cloud dynamics. The focus of this project will be on process studies at cloud scale, in particular on the analysis of the partitioning of the cloud thermodynamic phase in relation to temperature and vertical air motion as well as the development of this partitioning over time to gain insight into the life cycle of mixed-phase clouds. In that context, the impact of aerosols on the phase partitioning will be studied by segregation of the observed mixed-phase clouds according to the origin of the air masses via backward trajectory analysis and model forecasts and lidar measurements of aerosol properties. The proposed work extends beyond the development of remote sensing techniques. The use of a 1D microphysical model and of a radar Doppler spectra forward simulator will create a closed-loop that will allow us to evaluate our understanding of certain microphysical processes - such as riming - occurring in mixed-phase clouds.

混合相云的形成和生命周期-其中过冷液态水滴和固体冰晶共存-知之甚少，因为精确的混合相云观测仍然是一个挑战。特别是，缺乏一个完整的垂直表征的过冷液体层的分布在混合相云是广泛应用的观测方法的主要缺陷之一。该项目的动机是混合相云观测中存在的这一差距，并提出了一系列新的方法和模型来解决这个复杂的问题。混合相云观测将利用云多普勒雷达和多普勒及偏振激光雷达等遥感仪器进行最先进的高分辨率测量。利用云雷达和激光雷达的协同剖面测量来识别混合相云的液体成分通常限于最大激光雷达观测高度，该最大激光雷达观测高度由在大约三个穿透光学深度处的完整信号衰减确定。云雷达能够穿透多个液体层，因此可以用于扩展整个垂直柱中的垂直分辨云相识别如果开发出从雷达测量中识别液体层的适当算法，则可以在激光雷达测量范围之外识别液体层。在拟议的项目中，将分析完整的雷达多普勒频谱-它具有代表云微物理学和动力学的独特特征-以确定在激光雷达消光之外的整个垂直柱中混合相云的相划分。此外，雷达多普勒频谱将用于确定垂直空气运动，以了解云的动力学。该项目的重点将是云尺度的过程研究，特别是分析与温度和垂直空气运动有关的云热力学相的划分以及这种划分随时间的发展，以深入了解混合相云的生命周期。在这方面，将通过后向轨迹分析和模式预报以及激光雷达测量气溶胶特性，根据气团的来源分离观测到的混合相云，研究气溶胶对相划分的影响。拟议的工作超出了遥感技术的发展。使用一维微物理模型和雷达多普勒频谱前向模拟器将创建一个闭环，这将使我们能够评估我们对某些微物理过程的理解-例如在混合相云中发生的雾凇。

项目成果

Fingerprints of a riming event on cloud radar Doppler spectra: observations and modeling

• DOI: 10.5194/acp-16-2997-2016
• 发表时间: 2015-10
• 期刊: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: H. Kalesse;W. Szyrmer;S. Kneifel;P. Kollias;E. Luke

Understanding Rapid Changes in Phase Partitioning between Cloud Liquid and Ice in Stratiform Mixed-Phase Clouds: An Arctic Case Study

了解层状混合相云中云液和冰之间相分配的快速变化：北极案例研究

• DOI: 10.1175/mwr-d-16-0155.1
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Monthly Weather Review
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Kalesse;G. de Boer;A. Solomon;M. Ahlgrimm;D. Zhang;M. Shupe;E. Luke;A. Protat
• 通讯作者: A. Protat

Chapter 10. Remote Sensing

第10章遥感

• DOI: 10.1175/amsmonographs-d-16-0015.1
• 发表时间: 2017
• 作者: S. Alexander;S. Crewell;A. Heymsfield;H. Kalesse;A. Khain;M. Maahn;K. Van Tricht;M. Wendisch
• 通讯作者: M. Wendisch

Secondary Ice Production: Current State of the Science and Recommendations for the Future

• DOI: 10.1175/amsmonographs-d-16-0014.1
• 发表时间: 2017-01-01
• 期刊: ICE FORMATION AND EVOLUTION IN CLOUDS AND PRECIPITATION: MEASUREMENT AND MODELING CHALLENGES
• 作者: Field, P. R.;Lawson, R. P.;Sullivan, S.
• 通讯作者: Sullivan, S.