Optimization of the preparation and analysis of interferometric observations in the infrared of circumstellar disks

这一项目的目标是优化红外波长范围内的星周盘长基线干涉观测，下一代长基线红外干涉仪将使人们能够重建各种天体物理物体的图像，而不是像今天这样进行为数极少的实验性研究。然而，这些观测的非常详细的准备将是必要的，以限制亮度分布在这样的细节，具体的科学cases.In这个项目中，我们将集中在MATISSE，在甚大望远镜干涉仪的第二代光束组合器。MATISSE将允许一个人联合收割机最多使用4台望远镜，因此，例如，重建来自星周盘中潜在行星形成区域的中红外再发射辐射的图像。特别是，我们将a）研究解决与年轻恒星周围星周盘演化及其最内部区域行星形成过程相关的关键问题的最佳观测策略，B）调查和优化用于图像重建的所选技术，c）与图像重建（即，d）评估在其他波长范围和/或角分辨率下获得的互补观测的需要/潜力，以便更好地约束仅从红外线中的干涉观测得出的结论，ande）将这些研究的结果应用于分析真实的数据，这些数据将在拟议项目的最后（第三）年获得。具体仪器的选择（MATISSE）和天体类别（拱星盘）将使我们能够专注于红外长基线干涉测量所解决的科学问题前沿的现实场景。但与此同时，在许多情况下，所获得的结果将是非常一般性的，因此将对不久的将来在天体物理物体类别的广泛领域中的长基线干涉测量产生影响。

The goal of this project is to optimize long-baseline interferometric observations of circumstellar disks in the infrared wavelength range.The next generation of long-baseline infrared interferometers will allow one to reconstruct images of a broad range of astrophysical objects, instead of the very few, still rather experimental studies existing today. However, a very detailed preparation of these observations will be necessary to constrain the brightness distribution in such detail that specific science cases can be addressed.In this project we will focus on MATISSE, a second generation beam combiner at the Very Large Telescope Interferometer. MATISSE will allow one to combine up to 4 telescopes and thus, for example, to reconstruct images of the mid-infrared reemission radiation from the potential planet-forming region in circumstellar disks.In particular, we willa) Investigate the optimum observing strategy for addressing key questions related to the evolution of circumstellar disks around young stars and the process of planet formation in their innermost regions,b) Investigate and optimize selected techniques for image reconstruction,c) Evaluate the potential of model fitting based on the direct measures (visibilities, closure phases) as compared to image reconstruction (i.e., model-independent images),d) Evaluate the need for / potential of complementary observations, obtained at other wavelength ranges and/or angular resolution in order to better constrain conclusions derived from interferometric observations in the infrared alone, ande) Apply the results of these studies in the analysis of real data which will become available during the last (third) year of the proposed project.The choice of a specific instrument (MATISSE) and class of objects (circumstellar disks) will allow us to stay focused on realistic scenarios on the forefront of scientific problems addressed with infrared long-baseline interferometry. At the same time, however, the results to be obtained will in many cases be of very general nature and thus have an impact on the near-future long-baseline interferometry in a broad field of astrophysical object classes.