Lake Ganau in the Rania Plain in Iraqi Kurdistan. A new limnic archive for palaeoenvironmental studies and the investigation of man-environment interaction

自全新世以来，中东的肥沃新月一直受到人类定居和农业的青睐。自新石器时代以来，该地区也是重要的植物和动物开发。在过去的十年里，考古学家开始研究伊拉克库尔德斯坦的文化遗迹。该地区的文化遗迹的特点是多周期告诉网站的数量和密度高。对于伊朗-图兰生物气候区，考古植物学家最近质疑了这样一种科学理论，即原始的自然植被已经被人类破坏到了现在的状态，相反，他们认为，当植物从冰川避难所迁徙回来时，最早的定居者已经管理了景观，所以全新世的植被总是人类管理的结果。然而，与考古财富相比，在伊拉克库尔德斯坦，调查人与环境相互作用的自然档案很少。因此，在这里，我们建议在伊拉克库尔德斯坦的拉尼亚平原的加瑙湖进行试点研究。一个新的湖泊档案的古环境研究和调查的人-环境相互作用的一个新的档案的古环境重建，即湖泊沉积物在伊拉克库尔德斯坦的加瑙。我们将从湖底取回沉积物岩心，并进行初步的考古植物学分析和数字测年。总体目标是测试加瑙湖沉积物岩心是否适合于今后的研究，其中可能包括高分辨率的孢粉分析以及进一步的古生物湖、物理化学和同位素调查，这些调查适合于重建从末次冰期到全新世过渡时期的景观以及全新世人类居住的古环境。

The Fertile Crescent in the Middle East has been favored by man for settlement and agriculture since the beginning of the Holocene. Since Neolithic times the area has also been important for plant and animal exploitation. In the last decade archaeologists began to study the cultural remains of Iraqi Kurdistan. The cultural remains in this region are characterized by the high number and density of multi-periodic tell sites. For the Irano-Turanian bioclimatic region archaeobotanists recently questioned the scientific doctrine that the primary natural vegetation has been devastated to its present state by man. Instead, it is assumed, that the earliest settlers managed the landscape already when plants remigrated from their glacial refugia, so that the Holocene vegetation was always the result of human management. However, in contrast to the archaeological wealth, natural archives to investigate man-environment interaction are scarce in Iraqi Kurdistan. Therefore, here we suggest a pilot study 'Lake Ganau in the Rania Plain in Iraqi Kurdistan. A new limnic archive for palaeoenvironmental studies and the investigation of man-environment interaction' on a new archive for palaeoenvironmental reconstruction, i.e. the limnic sediments from Lake Ganau in Iraqi Kurdistan. We will retrieve sediment cores from the lake bottom and perform preliminary archaeobotanical analyses and numeric dating. The overall aim is to test the suitability of the Lake Ganau sediment cores for future research, which may include high-resolution palynological analyses as well as further palaeobiolimnic, physico-chemical and isotopic investigations that are suitable to reconstruct the landscape at the transition from the last glacial to the Holocene as well as the Holocene man-inhabited palaeoenvironment.