Demographic Change and the Distribution of Well-being - A Socio-economic Analysis for Germany

在人口结构变化的背景下，这本书探讨了变量社会人口学和幸福不平等之间的关系(对德国来说)。在这种情况下，代理变量年龄是最重要的--遵循关于代际正义的指导性问题。在此基础上，在社会层面上，对德国而言，就幸福不平等而言，说明了几个年龄组之间的关系，即出生队列意义上的年龄分化的几代人之间的关系。除了分析人口变化造成的直接幸福影响之外，还在德国老龄化进程的背景下考虑了间接的人口影响，即不仅由其他方面的变化决定的影响，而且通过与社会和经济变量的相互作用而确定的影响。由于可能的社会冲突--由与年龄有关的分配差异造成--在跨部门层面上最为重要，因此对跨部门福祉/收入不平等的分析具有相当大的社会政治意义。此外，在这本书中，研究了一个时期收入的(横截面)分配和(纵向)生活收入分配之间的关系--特别是在代际背景下。因此，这本书的目的之一是阐述代际福祉差异及其决定因素，并在此基础上以相对全面的视角预测德国的社会人口分布影响。该书与一场国际科学家辩论有关，这场辩论早在20世纪70年代中期就由帕格林和库兹涅茨开启。在这场辩论中，讨论了人口变量对某一时期测量的收入不平等的影响。根据这场辩论，家庭规模和家庭收入彼此呈正相关，家庭收入相对于年龄呈倒U形结构，即凹形结构。综合考虑这两个方面，家庭收入的分配取决于家庭规模的分布和与年龄相关的分布(在户主年龄意义上)。S一书的主要发现是，与组间不平等相比，组内不平等占主导地位。间接人口效应似乎比直接人口效应更重要。

Admidst the backdrop of demographic change, the book deals with the relationships between the variables socio-demography and well-being inequality (for Germany). In this context, the proxy variable age is most important - following the guiding question concerning generational justice. On this basis and on a societal level, for Germany, the relationship between the several age groups, i. e. between the age-differentiated generations in the sense of birth cohorts is illuminated with respect to well-being inequality - pointedly: between the "old" and the "young".Beyond the analysis of direct well-being effects caused by the demographic change, indirect demographic effects are considered in the context of the process of ageing in Germany, i. e. effects which are not only determined by ceteris-paribus changes but via the interaction with societal and economic variables. Since possible societal conflicts - caused by age-related distributional differences - are most important on a cross-sectional level, the analysis of cross-sectional well-being/income inequality is of considerable socio-political interest. Furthermore, in the book, the relationships between the (cross-sectional) distribution of a period's incomes and (longitudinal) life-income distribution are examined - especially in the intergenerational context. Thus, one of the book's aims is the elaboration of intergenerational well-being differences and their determinants as well as, on this basis, projections concerning socio-demographic distributional effects for Germany in a relatively comprehensive perspective.The book is linked to an international debate of scientists, which was opened by Paglin and Kuznets already in the mid-1970s. In this debate, it is discussed about the impacts of demographic variables on the measured income inequality of a certain period. According to this debate, household size and household income correlate positively with each other, and household incomes are structured inversely u-shaped, i. e. concavely, with respect to age (of the household head). Considering these two aspects together, the distribution of household incomes depends on the distribution of household size and on the age-related distribution (in the sense of household head's age).The book¿s main finding is dominance of the within-group inequality compared with between-group inequality. The indirect demographic effects appear more important than the direct demographic effects.