Consumer Credit Decisions in a Dual-Process Perspective

双流程视角下的消费者信贷决策

基本信息

批准号：
276981847
负责人：
Professor Dr. Erik Hoelzl
金额：
--
依托单位：
Professur Hölzl
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Units
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2014-12-31 至 2018-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/276981847?language=en
关键词：
Consumer Credit Decisions Dual Process

项目摘要

Consumer credit has become pervasive over the last decades, and has been connected to financial and psychological difficulties for vulnerable consumer groups, e.g., low-income consumers and young adults. With the development of new forms of credit offers such as in-store credit and instant credit over the internet, credit decisions become more spontaneous and potentially more problematic. This project applies concepts and approaches from the first phase of the research unit to the topic of consumer credit decisions. The project pursues two research lines, borrowing and repaying, each focusing on specific decisions consumers make in the phases before and after signing a credit contract. Research line I (borrowing) examines (a) consumer decisions when choosing between different credit offers and (b) consumer decisions regarding instant credit offers. Research line II (repaying) examines (a) consumer decisions when managing several open credit accounts and (b) consumer decisions regarding tempting new opportunities while still having the obligation to repay an open credit. These topics are relevant for credit behavior because consumers have been found to often use heuristics and to focus on selected information cues when deciding on credit offers, and when managing their repaying obligations. Credit decisions are in part driven by automatic processes, and recent new credit forms are likely to make automatic processes more influential. The research agenda draws on three theoretical accounts. (1) Building on dual-process theories, the project will examine specific decisions on credit use as an interplay of automatic and controlled processes influenced by situational (e.g. cognitive load, ego depletion) and personal characteristics (e.g., habitual decision style, self-control). (2) Building on self-regulation theories, the project will examine how automatic and controlled processes in credit decisions are influenced by specific self-regulation strategies (implementation intentions and representation of goal-directed actions). In particular, the project explores how these strategies can help consumers to improve information elaboration and resistance to temptations from credit offers and spending opportunities. (3) Taking a mental accounting perspective, the project will examine the interplay between the elements of the focal credit transaction (i.e., good and installments) and the relation between the focal credit transaction and the financial environment. In particular, the project will examine how specific aspects of mental accounting (choice bracketing, matching, coupling) influence automatic and controlled processes in credit decisions. The project has theoretical implications for the understanding of dual processes in financial decision-making. Practical implications concern individual consumers, consumer counseling organizations, banks and credit institutions. ln addition, results can inform public policy, in particular consumer policy.

在过去的几十年中，消费者的信誉已普遍存在，并且与弱势消费者群体（例如低收入消费者和年轻人）的财务和心理困难联系在一起。随着新形式的信贷提供的提供，例如店内信贷和互联网上的即时信贷，信用决定变得更加自发，并可能更加问题。该项目将概念和方法应用于研究部门的第一阶段到消费者信用决策的主题。该项目追求两个研究行，借贷和还款，每个研究都集中在签署信贷合同之前和之后的消费者在阶段中做出的具体决策。研究行I（借款）研究（a）在不同信用要约之间选择和（b）关于即时信贷报价的消费者决策时的消费者决策。研究线II（还报还款）检查（a）管理几个开放信用帐户时的消费者决策以及（b）消费者关于诱使新机会的决定，同时仍然有义务偿还开放信贷。这些主题与信用行为有关，因为已经发现消费者经常使用启发式方法，并在确定信用要约以及管理其偿还义务时专注于选定的信息提示。信用决定部分是由自动流程驱动的，而最近的新信贷表可能会使自动流程更具影响力。研究议程借鉴了三个理论说明。（1）基于双处理理论的建立，该项目将研究有关信用使用的特定决定，这是由情境影响（例如认知负荷，自我耗尽）和个人特征（例如习惯性决策方式，自我控制）影响的自动和受控过程的相互作用。（2）基于自我调节理论的建立，该项目将研究信用决策中的自动和受控过程如何受到特定的自我调节策略（实施意图和目标指导行动的代表）的影响。特别是，该项目探讨了这些策略如何帮助消费者改善信息阐述和抵抗信贷报价和支出机会对诱惑的抵制。（3）从心理会计角度来看，该项目将研究重点信贷交易（即良好和分期付款）的要素与焦点信贷交易与财务环境之间的关系之间的相互作用。特别是，该项目将研究心理会计（选择括号，匹配，耦合）的特定方面如何影响信用决策中的自动和受控过程。该项目对财务决策中对双重流程的理解具有理论意义。实际含义涉及个人消费者，消费者咨询组织，银行和信贷机构。另外，结果可以为公共政策，特别是消费者政策提供信息。