Polish-German Child Bilingualism: The Role of Age of Onset for Long-Term Achievement

波兰-德国儿童双语：发病年龄对长期成就的作用

• 批准号: 277135691
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Bernhard Brehmer
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Fachgruppe Slavistik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/277135691?language=en
• 关键词: Polish; German; Child; Bilingualism; Role

The project investigates the effect of age at first exposure to Polish and German on the grammatical proficiency of Polish-German bilingual children in both of their languages. Three different groups of bilingual children are distinguished: simultaneous bilingual children and early successive bilingual children with differing age of onsets of their exposure to the second language (age 3-4 and 6-7). Data from these bilingual populations will be compared to data from age-matched monolingual German and Polish children. Our first goal is to identify similarities and differences characterizing these acquisitional types at an advanced stage of language development (after 5 years of exposure to the L2) in order to determine the role of age of onset for long-term-achievement of bilinguals in both of their languages. Thus, our project addresses the current theoretical debate about sensitive periods in language acquisition. More specifically, by looking at different grammatical properties in detail (determiners, null arguments, verb placement) the project focuses on the selectivity of age effects with regard to different linguistic domains. A second aim is to determine the role of other linguistic and non-linguistic conditions that impact on the degree of attainment. Since data will be gathered for both languages and in both countries (Germany and Poland), our project combines research on bilingual first, early second and heritage language acquisition. Thus, we will be able to address some social factors influencing bilingual acquisition, e.g. language status (minority/majority language) or prestige, which can shape the non-linguistic conditions for bilingual language acquisition. Third, the project also aims at identifying the conditions under which cross-linguistic influence (CLI) takes place, which direction it takes, whether it is beneficial or contributes to attrition and/or incomplete acquisition of one of the involved languages. Here, questions like whether the investigated groups and languages differ with regard to the frequency of occurrence of CLI in the data and which of the selected linguistic properties are more vulnerable to CLI will play a crucial role. Data include free speech, sentence repetition, forced choice-tasks and grammaticality judgments.

该项目调查了首次接触波兰语和德语的年龄对波兰-德语双语儿童两种语言语法熟练程度的影响。双语儿童分为三类：同时双语儿童和早期连续双语儿童，接触第二语言的年龄不同（3-4 岁和 6-7 岁）。来自这些双语人群的数据将与年龄匹配的单语德国和波兰儿童的数据进行比较。我们的首要目标是确定这些习得类型在语言发展的高级阶段（接触 L2 5 年之后）的相似点和差异，以确定发病年龄对双语者在两种语言中的长期成就的作用。因此，我们的项目解决了当前关于语言习得敏感期的理论争论。更具体地说，通过详细研究不同的语法属性（限定词、空参数、动词位置），该项目重点关注不同语言领域的年龄效应的选择性。第二个目标是确定其他语言和非语言条件对达到程度的影响。由于将收集两种语言和两个国家（德国和波兰）的数据，因此我们的项目结合了双语第一语言、早期第二语言和传统语言习得的研究。因此，我们将能够解决一些影响双语习得的社会因素，例如语言地位（少数/多数语言）或声望，可以塑造双语习得的非语言条件。第三，该项目还旨在确定跨语言影响（CLI）发生的条件、影响的方向、是否有益或有助于对所涉及语言之一的消耗和/或不完全习得。在这里，诸如所调查的群体和语言在数据中 CLI 出现频率方面是否有所不同以及所选语言属性中哪些更容易受到 CLI 的影响等问题将发挥至关重要的作用。数据包括自由言论、句子重复、强制选择任务和语法判断。