Organic components of cometary nuclei and the effects of opaque phases on spectral detectability of cometary organics and minerals.

彗星核的有机成分以及不透明相对彗星有机物和矿物质光谱可探测性的影响。

• 批准号: 278130103
• 负责人: Dr. Liubov Moroz
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Gemeinsame Forschungsgruppe Kombinierte Röntgenmethoden im BLiX und BESSY II - SyncLab
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/278130103?language=en
• 关键词: Organic; components; cometary; nuclei; effects

The research proposal is aimed at (1) development of a careful approach to spectroscopic identification and characterization of organics on the surfaces of comet nuclei by taking into account influence of opaque phases (in particular, Fe-sulfides), as well as possible optical alteration caused by irradiation of the surfaces with charged particles and thermal processing of organics at perihelion; (2) spectroscopic characterization of organic components exposed on the nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. These goals will be achieved through several different approaches, including laboratory experiments, theoretical calculations, and interpretation of new VIS-IR reflectance spectra of comet 67/P. The proposed work will include (1) spectral reflectance studies (0.4-20 micrometers) of analogue materials for cometary refractory organics, carefully selected based on the previous work and the most up-to-date information provided by the ESA's Rosetta mission; (2) spectral reflectance studies of unheated and heated intimate mixtures of Fe-sulfides with selected organics and minerals relevant to comets; (3) application of radiative transfer models to simulate reflectance spectra of organic-sulfide intimate mixtures and space weathering effects; (4) analysis/interpretation of the VIRTIS/Rosetta spectra of comet 67/P in terms of detectability and relative abundances of organic and inorganic surface constituents.; (5) comparative analysis of spectral variability among comet nuclei, dark TNOs, low albedo asteroids and carbonaceous meteorites based on the obtained results. The expected results can significantly contribute to our understanding the spectral variability among dark small bodies of the solar system, and provide new insights into the nature and distribution of organic materials throughout the outer solar system.

该研究计划的目的是（1）通过考虑不透明相（特别是硫化铁）的影响，以及带电粒子照射表面和近日点有机物热处理可能引起的光学变化，开发一种仔细的方法来对彗星核表面的有机物进行光谱识别和表征； (2) 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko 彗核上暴露的有机成分的光谱表征。这些目标将通过几种不同的方法来实现，包括实验室实验、理论计算以及对 67/P 彗星新的可见光-红外反射光谱的解释。拟议的工作将包括（1）彗星难熔有机物的模拟材料的光谱反射率研究（0.4-20微米），这些材料是根据之前的工作和欧空局罗塞塔任务提供的最新信息精心挑选的； (2) 未加热和加热的硫化铁与选定的与彗星相关的有机物和矿物质的紧密混合物的光谱反射率研究； (3) 应用辐射传输模型模拟有机硫化物紧密混合物的反射光谱和空间风化效应； (4) 根据有机和无机表面成分的可检测性和相对丰度对彗星 67/P 的 VIRTIS/Rosetta 光谱进行分析/解释。 (5)根据所得结果对彗核、暗TNO、低反照率小行星和碳质陨石之间的光谱变异性进行对比分析。预期的结果可以极大地有助于我们了解太阳系暗小天体之间的光谱变化，并为整个太阳系外有机材料的性质和分布提供新的见解。