SFB 1244: Adaptive Hüllen und Strukturen für die gebaute Umwelt von morgen

由于许多国家的人口发展和生活水平的持续提高，全球建筑活动在过去四年中不断增加。建筑行业占全球资源消耗的50%以上-每秒使用超过1，000吨建筑材料-并占全球温室气体排放量的近40%。为了实现气候变化方面的政治目标（例如巴黎气候协定），必须在建筑环境的建设、运营和拆除方面进行重大变革。从一开始，CRC 1244就遵循“少花钱多办事-零排放！”的原则。CRC的第二个资助期建立在第一个资助期的基础上，第一个资助期致力于为建筑环境奠定基础，并确定适应性技术的潜力和影响。在过去的四年中，通过使用适应性结构来节省大量材料，能源和排放的能力得到了证明。新的设计途径和方法是必要的建设自适应船体和结构的假设也得到了证实。因此，对这些方法的发展给予了特别关注，这导致需要从整体上重新制定建筑概念。为了重新制定基本的规划过程，所有参与研究的研究人员的跨学科合作是必不可少的。重点从简单的样本问题，如36米高的示范建筑，转向其他类型的结构。尽管通过调整传统结构来减少资源消耗的潜力很大，但从一开始就“自适应”设计的结构可以实现更高的资源消耗和排放减少。寻找和表征这些最佳的类型和拓扑结构是第二个资助期的重点。对于在许多建筑物中占总质量很大一部分的二维元件和结构，可以实现大量的额外材料消耗节省。因此，已经开发的找形和设计方法将扩展到二维元素和结构，需要找到适当的驱动原则。自适应立面在CRC的第二个资助期也变得更加重要。在过去四年的基础上，将加强对房间空调主动立面的研究，重点是向可再生能源过渡。CRC的研究将回答有关元件设计和尺寸的问题，并制定包含额外的短期和长期存储容量和质量的操作策略。

Due to the demographic development and the continued rise of the living standard in many countries, global construction activity has seen an incessant increase during the past four years. The building sector accounts for more than 50% of the resource consumption worldwide – every second more than 1,000t of building material is used – and for close to 40% of the global greenhouse gas emissions. To tap this potential for achieving the political goals with respect to climate change (e.g. Paris Climate Agreement), significant changes concerning construction, operation, and demolition of the built environment must be made. From the very beginning, the CRC 1244 has been guided by the principle “build more with less – emission-free!” and consistently following this goal is now more important than ever.The CRC’s second funding period builds upon the results of the first, which was dedicated towards laying the foundations and identify-ing the potentials and implications of adaptive technology for and within the built environment.In the past four years, the ability to save enormous amounts of material, energy, and emissions by using adaptive structures was demonstrated. The hypothesis that new design approaches and methods are necessary for building adaptive hulls and structures was also confirmed. Special attention was therefore given to the development of these methods, which led to the need for architectural concepts to be reformulated holistically. For reformulating the underlying planning process, the interdisciplinary cooperation of all partic-ipating researchers was essential.For the upcoming funding period, all developed methods will be generalized. The focus shifts from simple sample problems, such as the 36m-high demonstrator-building, towards other types of structures. Despite the large potential for reducing resource consumption by adaptation of conventional structures, structures designed “adaptively” from the beginning can realize an even higher reduction in resource consumption and emission. Finding and characterizing these optimal typologies and topologies is a focus of the second fund-ing period.A large amount of additional savings in material consumption can be realized for two-dimensional elements and structures, which make up a significant portion of the total mass in many buildings. Therefore, the already developed form-finding and design methods will be extended for two-dimensional elements and structures and appropriate actuation principles need to be found. Adaptive facades be-come more important in the CRC’s second funding period as well. Building upon the foundation of the past four years, research on active facades for room conditioning will intensify, where the focus is on transitioning to renewable energy sources. The CRC’s re-search will answer questions regarding the design and dimensioning of the elements and develop strategies for operation that incorpo-rate additional short-term and long-term storage capacities and gua