Identification, Typologization, and Performance Implications of Regional Clusters' Business Models

区域集群商业模式的识别、类型化和绩效影响

• 批准号: 280941669
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Elisabeth Müller
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Management Department
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Fellowships
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/280941669?language=en
• 关键词: Identification; Typologization; Performance; Implications; Regional

Firms locate in regional clusters in order to generate added value by cooperating with nearby firms from related industries and with other institutions like research facilities. They seek to benefit from positive cluster externalities, such as increased knowledge spillovers, to enhance their competitive edge. In the last few decades, public subsidies and private investments pushed the formation of new regional clusters, particularly in Europe and the United States. Due to these initiatives, today's cluster landscape is heterogeneous and fragmented and by far not all clusters are considered to be successful in generating positive cluster externalities. Extant research on regional clusters in the sub-disciplines of strategy and organization lacks a systematic approach that enables a comprehensive analysis of the clusters' business logics and thus sheds light on why some clusters succeed in creating value for the incumbent firms while others do not. The business model concept can serve as the foundation for this analysis. So far, it is used on an organizational level to explain how firms work and achieve to create value. The objective of this research project is to transfer the business model concept for the first time to the inter-organizational level of regional clusters and to develop a typology of regional clusters' business models that allows for a systematic analysis of performance differentials between the clusters. I seek to accomplish this objective during a five-month research stay at the Wharton School of Business (University of Pennsylvania, USA), focusing on two major steps: 1) I conceptually transfer the business model elements, as they are defined in the literature, from the organizational context to the inter-organizational context of regional clusters. As far as necessary, I adapt the elements following theoretical considerations based on the main theories of the sub-disciplines (e.g. transaction cost economics, strategic network theory).2) The novel business model concept is then studied with regard to its empirical manifestation in European and US-American clusters. In particular, I identify empirical business model types of regional clusters using observation, interview, survey, and secondary data to capture the single business model elements. Finally, I statistically analyze the sources of performance differentials between the types to conclude on the meaningfulness of the business model elements for the success of a cluster. In this research project, I create knowledge on the business model concept, expand its explanatory power, and adapt it for the use in the inter-organizational context. Therewith, I contribute to a stronger establishment of the concept in the sub-disciplines of strategy and organization. Also, this project opens avenues for further systematic analyses of inter-organizational constructs, such as regional clusters, by providing a novel approach to investigating their business logics.

企业聚集在区域集群中，是为了通过与附近相关行业的企业和研究机构等其他机构合作，创造附加值。他们寻求从积极的集群外部性中获益，例如增加的知识溢出，以增强他们的竞争优势。在过去的几十年里，公共补贴和私人投资推动了新的区域集群的形成，特别是在欧洲和美国。由于这些举措，今天的集群景观是异质和碎片化的，到目前为止，并非所有集群都被认为能够成功地产生积极的集群外部性。在战略和组织的子学科中，现有的关于区域集群的研究缺乏一种系统的方法来全面分析集群的商业逻辑，从而阐明为什么一些集群成功地为现有企业创造了价值，而另一些却没有。业务模型概念可以作为此分析的基础。到目前为止，它被用于组织层面来解释企业如何工作和实现创造价值。本研究项目的目标是首次将商业模式概念转移到区域集群的组织间层面，并开发区域集群商业模式的类型学，以便对集群之间的绩效差异进行系统分析。我试图在沃顿商学院（美国宾夕法尼亚大学）为期五个月的研究期间实现这一目标，重点关注两个主要步骤：1)我从概念上将商业模式元素（正如它们在文献中定义的那样）从组织背景转移到区域集群的组织间背景。在必要的情况下，我根据子学科的主要理论（如交易成本经济学、战略网络理论）调整了以下理论考虑的要素。2)研究了新型商业模式概念在欧美集群中的实证表现。特别是，我使用观察、访谈、调查和辅助数据来识别区域集群的经验商业模型类型，以捕获单个商业模型元素。最后，我统计分析了不同类型之间性能差异的来源，从而得出商业模式要素对集群成功的意义。在这个研究项目中，我创造了关于商业模式概念的知识，扩展了它的解释力，并将其应用于组织间的环境中。因此，我有助于在战略和组织的子学科中建立更强的概念。此外，该项目还为进一步系统分析组织间结构（如区域集群）开辟了道路，提供了一种调查其业务逻辑的新方法。

项目成果

Developing a Business Model Taxonomy of Industrial Clusters

制定产业集群商业模式分类法

• DOI: 10.5465/ambpp.2016.12472abstract
• 发表时间: 2016
• 作者: Mueller