CRISTA-NF observations of polar stratospheric clouds and trace gas volume mixing ratios in the Arctic winter stratosphere

极地平流层云的 CRISTA-NF 观测和北极冬季平流层中痕量气体体积混合比

基本信息

批准号：
283131025
负责人：
Dr. Christoph Kalicinsky
金额：
--
依托单位：
Arbeitsgruppe Atmosphärenphysik
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2016-12-31 至 2019-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/283131025?language=en
关键词：
CRISTA NF observations polar stratospheric

项目摘要

The distributions of many trace gases such as HNO3, O3, and ClONO2 inside the polar vortex are influenced by polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs). NAT (Nitric Acid Trihydrate) particles, which are one type of PSC particles, can grow to sizes, which are large enough to cause a sedimentation of the particles and, thus, a redistribution of NOy. The ozone loss in denitrified air masses lasts longer, since the deactivation of chlorine is slowed down. These processes need to be understood and considered in a model to simulate the distribution of the important trace gases as precisely as possible. Especially the nucleation and growth of NAT particles is a key point, since these processes are parametrized in models based on observations but not yet understood completely. Even improved parametrizations lead to simulation results that still differ from observations at some points (e.g. size distribution of NAT, NOy redistribution).Measurements by the airborne infrared limb sounder CRISTA-NF (CRyogenic Infrared Spectrometers and Telescope for the Atmosphere - New Frontiers) will be used to gain more insight into the relevant processes. CRISTA-NF measures altitude profiles of thermal emissions of atmospheric trace gases in the mid-infrared. These measurements allow the derivation of 2-dimensional cross-sections of volume mixing ratios (VMRs) of several trace gases (e.g. HNO3, CFC-11, O3, ClONO2) and, additionally, the detection and discrimination of different PSCs (NAT, STS (Supercooled Ternary Solution), and ice). Small NAT particles (radii > 3 µm) cause a spectral feature, which is used for detection. New findings show that this feature can be shifted and the magnitude of the shift depends on the size distribution of the particles. The existing detection method does not consider this shift and the method will be updated to reduce misinterpretations. Additionally, the new method will enable the derivation of information about the particle size distribution of small NAT particles. Furthermore, the radiance influence due to PSCs will be considered in the retrieval process to significantly improve the derivation of trace gas VMRs in the presence of PSCs.Simulations by the chemistry and transport model CLaMS (Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere) will be used in the project. Comparisons between the CRISTA-NF observations and simulation results will be used to study the important processes in more detail. Detailed comparisons enable the analysis of different aspects such as the influence of a possible temperature bias or temperature fluctuations on the nucleation of NAT, the influence of model resolution (temporal and spatial), and especially the nucleation of and the HNO3 uptake by NAT and STS particles at the same time including the consequences for size distributions and NOy redistribution.

极性涡流中许多痕量气体（例如HNO3，O3和Clono2）的分布受极性平流层云（PSC）的影响。 NAT（硝酸三水合物）颗粒是一种类型的PSC颗粒，可以生长至大小，它们足够大，可以引起颗粒沉积，从而使Noy重新分布。由于氯的失活减慢，分析性空气块中的臭氧损失持续更长的时间。这些过程需要在模型中理解和考虑，以尽可能精确地模拟重要的痕量气体的分布。特别是NAT颗粒的成核和生长是一个关键点，因为这些过程基于观测值进行了参数化，但尚未完全理解。甚至改进的参数术也会导致模拟结果，这些结果与某些点的观察结果仍然有所不同（例如，NAT的尺寸分布，Noy重新分布）。空中红外肢体sounder Crista -nf的测量（低温红外光谱仪和望远镜的望远镜 - 新的前沿 - 新的前沿）将获得更多相关的进程。 CRISTA-NF测量中红外大气痕量气体热排放的高度曲线。这些测量值允许衍生几种痕量气体（例如HNO3，CFC-11，O3，Clono2）的体积混合比（VMR）的二维横截面，并在不同的PSC（NAT，STS，STS（超冷的Ternary溶液）和ICE）和ICE和ICE。小NAT颗粒（半径> 3 µm）引起光谱特征，用于检测。新发现表明，可以移动此特征，并且移位的幅度取决于粒子的尺寸分布。现有的检测方法不考虑此偏移，该方法将被更新以减少失误。此外，新方法将使有关小型NAT颗粒的粒度分布的信息推导。此外，在检索过程中将考虑由于PSC引起的辐射影响，以在PSC存在下显着改善痕量气体VMR的推导。 CRISTA-NF观察结果与仿真结果之间的比较将用于更详细地研究重要过程。详细的比较能够分析不同方面的分析，例如可能的温度偏差或温度波动对NAT成核的影响，模型分辨率（时间和空间）的影响，尤其是NAT和STS粒子的核定成核以及HNO3的成核，包括对尺寸分布和无效分配的后果以及无需尺寸的分布和无重新分配。