Magica Levantina: An edition of mainly unpublished Greek magical inscriptions from the late ancient Levant, with a web portal containing photographic, desriptive and textual documentation of the objects

Magica Levantina：主要是未出版的古黎凡特晚期希腊魔法铭文的版本，带有一个包含对象的照片、描述性和文本文档的门户网站

• 批准号: 285891763
• 负责人: Dr. Robert Daniel
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Klassische Philologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-31 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/285891763?language=en
• 关键词: Magica; Levantina; edition; mainly; unpublished

The goal of the project is to complete Vol. 1 of the project Magica Levantina (ML) together with a ML Web Portal. Vol. 1 is now planned to contain 37 mainly unpublished Greek magical texts (mostly curses) written on metal tablets (III–VI AD) from the Levant. The Web Portal will present photographic documentation, descriptive information, texts and translations. The texts are being edited according to traditional philological methodology. The Web Portal, on the other hand, features a technological novelty, at least in the fields of Greek and Latin epigraphy, by making photographic documentation of the tablets created by Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) directly available to the public. It had originally been planned that Vol. I and the corresponding part of the Website would be finished by March 2019 and that with a 2-year extension the entire project could be completed. But plans have had to be revised partly owing to the time needed to decipher the great amount of very difficult text. Vol. 1 and the corresponding part of the Web Portal should be completed by March 2020. A new proposal will be submitted for the remainder of the work.ML Vol. 1 will contain 20 Greek curse tablets found in 1994 during American excavations at Promontory Palace in Caesarea Maritima and housed in the Israel Antiquities Authority; another curse from Ceasarea in a private collection; 11 Greek curse tablets (and an Aramaic one) housed in Princeton University Art Museum, mostly unpublished since they were found in 1934–35 during the Franco-American Antioch-and-Vicinity Excavations; and 4 amulets of diverse Levantine provenance.All these texts provide new documentation for various mixtures of the Greek, Egyptian, Jewish, and Orphic religions that characterize late antique magic. They also contain a great variety of details that shed new light on a broad spectrum of aspects of the ancient world. Here a few examples: Not only known types of materia magica (e.g., human hair) but also unknown types (sage, caterpillar remains), all with magical significance, were found with some of the tablets. Four curses against business men found in a single house in Antioch suggest that they had shops in that house. The circus curses, against named horses and charioteers, vary greatly: some show for the first time that charioteers had other professions as well; others cite a hitherto unknown Neoplatonic source; and yet another turns out to contain the only known curse written in Jewish Aramaic. An amulet to protect a women against epilepsy is the smallest known example of ancient Greek micrography. A curse against a pantomime dancer in Caesarea, written about 400 AD, is historically significant, for with a few other bits of evidence it suggests that the Ptolemies introduce the Egyptian crocodile cult into Palestine when they ruled the area 500 years earlier.

该项目的目标是完成Magica Levantina（ML）项目的第1卷以及ML Web Portal。第一卷现在计划包含37个主要是未出版的希腊魔法文本（主要是诅咒），写在来自黎凡特的金属片上（公元三至六世纪）。门户网站将提供图片文件、说明性信息、文本和译文。目前正在根据传统的文献学方法编辑这些文本。另一方面，该门户网站的特点是技术新奇，至少在希腊和拉丁金石学领域，通过将反射变换成像（RTI）创建的泥板的摄影文档直接提供给公众。最初计划第一卷和网站的相应部分将于2019年3月完成，并延长2年，整个项目可以完成。但是，由于需要时间破译大量非常困难的文本，计划不得不进行修改。第1卷和门户网站的相应部分应于2020年3月完成。ML第1卷将载有1994年美国在凯撒利亚Maritima的Promontory宫挖掘时发现的20块希腊诅咒泥板，现藏于以色列古物管理局;另一个私人收藏的来自凯撒利亚的诅咒泥板; 11希腊诅咒石板（还有一个亚拉姆语的），位于普林斯顿大学艺术博物馆，大部分未发表，因为他们发现在1934-35年期间，法国-美国安提阿和附近的宗教;和4个不同黎凡特起源的护身符。所有这些文本提供了新的文件，各种混合物的希腊，埃及，犹太，和奥尔弗斯宗教的特征晚期的古代魔法。它们还包含了各种各样的细节，为古代世界的各个方面提供了新的线索。这里有几个例子：不仅已知类型的魔法材料（例如，人类的头发），但也有未知类型（鼠尾草，毛虫遗骸），都具有神奇的意义，发现了一些药片。在安提阿的一所房子里发现了四个对商人的诅咒，表明他们在那所房子里有商店。马戏团对有名的马和车夫的诅咒有很大的不同：有些人第一次表明车夫也有其他职业;其他人引用了一个迄今为止未知的新柏拉图主义来源;还有一个原来包含了唯一已知的诅咒写在犹太阿拉姆语。一个保护妇女免受癫痫的护身符是古希腊显微术已知的最小的例子。公元400年左右，在凯撒利亚，一个对哑剧演员的诅咒具有重要的历史意义，因为还有其他一些证据表明，托勒密王朝在500年前统治巴勒斯坦时，将埃及鳄鱼崇拜引入了巴勒斯坦。