Universal Conscription, the Military, and Welfare State Development in Europe

欧洲的全民征兵、军事和福利国家发展

• 批准号: 288593944
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Herbert Obinger
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Politische Ökonomie des Wohlfahrtstaates
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Reinhart Koselleck Projects
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-31 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/288593944?language=en
• 关键词: Universal; Conscription; Military; Welfare; State

Contrary to the standard account of the emergence of the Western welfare state this project argues that the beginnings of social policy and education legislation in Western Europe were significantly shaped by military interests and the power ambitions of governments. The mili-tary origins of these policy areas and the related role of the military have hitherto been widely neglected by comparative welfare state research. The spread of universal conscription and the rapid progress in military technology during the second half of the 19th century created the crucial causal links between the military, power politics and state intervention. Both de-velopments coincided with advancing industrialization and demographic transformations and gave rise to the age of industrialized mass warfare. Against this backdrop, the size and edu-cational level of the population as well as public health issues gained importance for the combat power of the military and national power ambitions. Military concerns in terms of the quantity and quality of the so-called human material are regarded as triggers for social and educational reforms. A comparative analysis of five Western countries over the period from ca. 1860 to 1920 as well as econometric methods will be employed for testing this argument empirically.

与西方福利国家出现的标准解释相反，该项目认为，西欧社会政策和教育立法的开端受到军事利益和政府权力野心的影响。这些政策领域的军事起源和军队的相关作用迄今为止被福利国家比较研究广泛忽视。世纪后半叶，普遍征兵制的推广和军事技术的迅速进步，在军事、强权政治和国家干预之间建立了至关重要的因果关系。这两次大规模毁灭都与工业化的推进和人口结构的转变相吻合，并导致了工业化的大规模战争时代。在这种背景下，人口规模和教育水平以及公共卫生问题对于军队的战斗力和国家权力野心变得重要。军事上对所谓人力资源的数量和质量的关切被视为社会和教育改革的触发因素。五个西方国家的比较分析，从ca。1860年至1920年以及计量经济学方法将用于测试这一论点的经验。

项目成果

»Der deutsche Arbeiter wird in 10 Jahren besser aussehen als heute ein englischer Lord.« Deutsche und britische Sozialstaatspropaganda in beiden Weltkriegen

“十年后，德国工人会比今天德国和英国在两次世界大战中的福利国家宣传看起来更好。”

• DOI: 10.5771/0340-0425-2021-3-386
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Leviathan
• 作者: Obinger;Herbert;Nikolas Dörr;Lukas Grawe;Michele Mioni
• 通讯作者: Michele Mioni

The impact of the Second World War on postwar social spending

第二次世界大战对战后社会支出的影响

• DOI: 10.1111/1475-6765.12236
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: European Journal of Political Research
• 影响因子: 5.3
• 作者: Obinger;Herbert;Carina Schmitt
• 通讯作者: Carina Schmitt

World war and welfare legislation in western countries

西方国家的世界大战与福利立法

• DOI: 10.1177/0958928719892852
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Journal of European Social Policy
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Obinger;Herbert;Schmitt Carina
• 通讯作者: Schmitt Carina

Military Influence on German Pronatalism Before and During the First World War

第一次世界大战之前和期间军事对德国生育主义的影响

• DOI: 10.1409/99934
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Contemporanea
• 影响因子: 0.2
• 作者: Nikolas;Lukas Grawe
• 通讯作者: Lukas Grawe

Total war and the emergence of unemployment insurance in western countries

全面战争与西方国家失业保险的出现

• DOI: 10.1080/13501763.2019.1696388
• 发表时间: 1901
• 期刊: Journal of European Public Policy
• 影响因子: 4.2
• 作者: Obinger;Herbert;Schmitt;Carina
• 通讯作者: Carina