Above- and belowground plant complementarity

地上和地下植物互补

• 批准号: 289424103
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Liesje Mommer
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Agrarwissenschaften
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-31 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/289424103?language=en
• 关键词: Above; belowground; plant; complementarity

Increasing plant diversity enhances many aspects of ecosystem functioning. The increased performance of communities with higher diversity is thought to originate from two distinct classes of mechanisms: (1) complementarity effects and (2) sampling effects, but current knowledge suggests that complementarity is the dominating force driving biodiversity ecosystem function (BEF) relationships. The detection and quantification of complementarity is challenging, especially belowground. Direct, mechanistic approaches rely on the use of isotopically labelled compounds to measure nutrient uptake or on measurements of space exploitation above- or belowground. Indirect, correlative approaches attempt to link plant traits as proxies of niche definition to plant performance or compare species performance in monoculture and mixtures. So far, these approaches have mainly been used in isolation and yielded mixed results. Here, we argue that a synthesis and comparison of these approaches is urgently needed to answer a longstanding, but still unanswered question in ecology: what is the relative importance of complementary use of different resources for the BEF relationship? We aim to integrate the existing evidence from direct and indirect approaches and explore, for the first time, a comprehensive picture of resource complementarity in plants of grassland ecosystems. So far, results from direct approaches support aboveground complementarity for light while evidence for belowground resource complementarity is inconclusive. In work package 1 (WP 1) we aim to comprehensively synthesize all evidence for direct complementarity measurements from the Jena Experiment as well as data from other biodiversity experiments. We will organize an international workshop to yield a comprehensive review and a meta-analysis of this data. Indirect evidence for complementarity driving the BEF relationship is more often found than direct evidence, but is limited primarily to aboveground biomass and aboveground traits. In work package 2 (WP 2) we will compile the largest available trait dataset for species of the Jena Experiment, including many root traits, and make it publicly available. With this dataset, we will systematically screen the importance of community weighted means (CWM related to selection effects) or functional diversity of traits (FD related to complementarity effects) for a large number functions in the context of resource complementarity. In a final step (WP 3), we will combine these results to finally analyse the relative importance of above- and belowground resource complementarity measured via direct or indirect approaches in the Jena Experiment. Using path analysis, the third WP will reveal if resource complementarity is indeed an important mechanism of BEF relationships and whether or not its importance depends on the ecosystem function under study.

植物多样性的增加增强了生态系统功能的许多方面。具有较高多样性的群落的性能提高被认为源于两类不同的机制：（1）互补效应和（2）采样效应，但目前的知识表明，互补性是驱动生物多样性生态系统功能（BEF）关系的主导力量。互补性的检测和定量是具有挑战性的，特别是在地下。直接的机械方法依赖于使用同位素标记的化合物来测量营养吸收或依赖于测量地面或地下空间开发。间接的，相关的方法试图将植物性状作为生态位定义的代理与植物性能联系起来，或者比较单一栽培和混合栽培中的物种性能。到目前为止，这些方法主要是单独使用的，结果好坏参半。在这里，我们认为，这些方法的综合和比较是迫切需要回答一个长期存在的，但仍然没有答案的问题，在生态学：什么是相对重要性的不同资源的互补利用BEF的关系？我们的目标是整合现有的证据，从直接和间接的方法和探索，第一次，全面了解草原生态系统的植物资源互补性。到目前为止，直接方法的结果支持地上光互补，而地下资源互补的证据是不确定的。在工作包1（WP 1）中，我们的目标是全面综合耶拿实验以及其他生物多样性实验数据的直接互补性测量的所有证据。我们将组织一次国际研讨会，对这些数据进行全面审查和荟萃分析。间接证据的互补性驱动BEF的关系往往比直接证据，但主要限于地上生物量和地上性状。在工作包2（WP 2）中，我们将编译耶拿实验物种的最大可用性状数据集，包括许多根性状，并将其公开。利用该数据集，我们将系统地筛选资源互补性背景下大量功能的群落加权均值（与选择效应相关的CWM）或性状功能多样性（与互补效应相关的FD）的重要性。在最后一步（WP 3），我们将联合收割机这些结果，最终分析的相对重要性，通过直接或间接的方法在耶拿实验测量地上和地下资源的互补性。通过路径分析，第三个WP将揭示资源互补性是否确实是BEF关系的重要机制，以及其重要性是否取决于所研究的生态系统功能。