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ERP studies on the effects of depth of prime processing on evaluative priming of aesthetical preference judgments

启动加工深度对审美偏好判断评价启动影响的ERP研究

基本信息

批准号：
289987190
负责人：
Professor Dr. Henning Gibbons
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Psychologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2015-12-31 至 2019-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/289987190?language=en
关键词：
ERP studies effects depth prime

项目摘要

The evaluative priming effect (EPE) refers to changes in the evaluation of (typically neutral) target stimuli that are preceded by positive or negative prime stimuli. An assimilative EPE describes a pattern of more positive judgments after positive primes and more negative judgments after negative primes, compared to neutrally-primed targets. Occasionally, a contrastive EPE has been observed as well, involving more positive judgments after negative primes, and vice versa. The assimilative EPE, or assimilative sub-processes of the EPE, have been explained in terms of either misattribution of the prime affect to the target (Payne, Cheng, Govorun & Stewart, 2005), or response priming (Rotteveel & Phaf, 2004), that is, prime-induced automatic response activation. Conscious counter-control (Strack, Schwarz, Bless, Kübler, & Wänke, 1993) can explain a contrastive EPE, or contrastive sub-processes: Participants who see through the priming procedure might correct their spontaneous judgment of the target contrary to the valence of the prime before it is entered. All these mechanisms can explain an important finding, namely stronger assimilative priming from suboptimal primes that are presented at short durations and/or embedded in a mask, compared to clearly visible optimal primes. However, behavioral studies alone cannot unequivocally clarify how exactly the inverse relationship between depth of prime processing and strength of the EPE is mediated. Furthermore, previous studies using event-related potentials (ERPs) only found a post-hoc relationship between the size of the individual EPE and ERP indices of depth of prime processing. Therefore, the present program includes four converging ERP studies on the EPE that involve a representative set of specific experimental manipulations of the depth of prime processing to simultaneously analyze the effects on the EPE, on prime ERPs, on markers of affect misattribution in the target ERP, on markers of response activation in the prime lateralized readiness potential (LRP), and on markers of conscious counter-control in the target LRP. Based on the obtained findings, we will be able to provide new evidence in favor of a novel integrative theory of the EPE, thus allowing for better predictions of the size and polarity of the EPE in specific affective and information-processing contexts. This would increase our knowledge about affective context effects on evaluative judgment, a task whose importance has been emphasized by Schwarz (2007). The intended experimental manipulations of the depth of prime processing are representative of typical every-day influences on the processing of affective cues. To this end, working memory is loaded in a prime-specific manner, primes are presented as distractors in a primary task, and specific instructions regarding how to deal with the primes (ignore, vs. attend-and-correct) are applied.

评价性启动效应（Evaluative Priming Effect，EPE）是指在对目标刺激（通常为中性）的评价中，在其之前存在正启动刺激或负启动刺激的变化。同化EPE描述了一种模式，更积极的判断后，积极的启动和更多的负面判断后，负启动，相比，中性启动的目标。偶尔，也会观察到对比性EPE，涉及负启动后的更多积极判断，反之亦然。同化性EPE或EPE的同化子过程，已经被解释为要么是对目标的错误归因（Payne，Cheng，Govorun & Stewart，2005），要么是反应启动（Rotteveel & Phaf，2004），即启动诱导的自动反应激活。有意识的反控制（Strack，施瓦茨，Bless，Kübler，& Wänke，1993）可以解释一个对比EPE，或对比子过程：通过启动过程看到的参与者可能会纠正他们对目标的自发判断，而不是进入启动之前的价。所有这些机制可以解释一个重要的发现，即较强的同化启动从次优启动，在短时间内和/或嵌入在一个面具，相比，清晰可见的最佳启动。然而，单靠行为研究无法明确地阐明启动处理深度和EPE强度之间的反向关系是如何介导的。此外，以前的研究使用事件相关电位（ERP）只发现了一个事后的关系，个人EPE和ERP的深度指标的启动处理的大小。因此，本项目包括四项关于EPE的会聚ERP研究，这些研究涉及一组具有代表性的启动处理深度的特定实验操作，以同时分析对EPE、启动ERP、目标ERP中的情感错误归因标记、启动侧化准备电位（LRP）中的反应激活标记的影响，以及目标LRP中有意识的反控制标记。基于所获得的研究结果，我们将能够提供新的证据，有利于一个新的整合理论的EPE，从而允许更好地预测的大小和极性的EPE在特定的情感和信息处理的情况下。这将增加我们对情感背景对评估判断影响的了解，这一任务的重要性已由施瓦茨（2007）强调。启动处理深度的预期实验操作是典型的日常影响的情感线索的处理的代表。为此，工作记忆以特定于启动子的方式加载，启动子作为主要任务中的干扰物呈现，并应用关于如何处理启动子的特定指令（忽略，与注意和纠正）。