STM and QCM investigation of refractory metal electrodeposition in ionic liquids: influence of the ionic liquid on the electroreduction processes of the respective refractory metal halides

离子液体中难熔金属电沉积的 STM 和 QCM 研究：离子液体对各种难熔金属卤化物电还原过程的影响

• 批准号: 29078602
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Andreas Bund
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Elektrochemie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2005-12-31 至 2008-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/29078602?language=en
• 关键词: STM; QCM; investigation; refractory; metal

In this research project selected air and water stable ionic liquids shall be employed to investigate the electrodeposition of the refractory metals vanadium, niobium and tantalum. Recently we found at the example of aluminium that the cation of ultra pure ionic liquids has a strong effect on metal electrodeposition. We could also show that tantalum can be electrodeposited in 1-Butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethyl-sulfonyl)imide, [BMP]TFSI, in thin up to 1 ¿m thick layers as a crystalline phase. A side reaction, which is not yet understood, is that the electrodeposition of tantalum can be accompanied by remarkable amounts of nonstoichiometric tantalum subhalides. We assume that the cation of the ionic liquid plays ¿ as in the case of aluminium deposition ¿ a crucial role in the electrodeposition of refractory metals. Whereas in 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide, [EMIm]TFSI, thin non-stoichiometric titanium subhalides are obtained by electroreduction of TiCl4 and TiF4, [BMP]TFSI suppresses deposition to such an extent that it can only be probed by in situ Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) on the nanoscale. Even in mixtures of [BMP]TFSI and [EMIm]TFSI this effect is observed. In this project we aim to investigate with the in situ STM and with the electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) the electrodeposition of vanadium, niobium and tantalum in [BMP]TFSI, [EMIm]TFSI and mixtures of them. With the STM we would like to understand how the ionic liquid influences the initial states of electrodeposition on the nanoscale. EQCM measurements shall reveal information about the rheological and tribological properties of the interface during the electrodeposition processes and the molar masses of the involved species.

在该研究项目中，选定的空气和水位稳定的离子液体应用于研究难治金属钒，niobium和tantalum的电沉积。最近，我们在铝制的例子中发现，超纯离子液体的阳离子对金属电沉积具有很强的作用。我们还可以证明，可以在1-丁基-1-甲基吡咯烷基Bis（三氟甲基 - 磺酰基）酰亚胺[BMP] TFSI中进行电沉积，最多为1»m厚的层作为结晶层。尚不清楚的侧反应是，坦塔尔的电沉积可以通过大量的非化卡剂量塔塔塔尔列酰胺来完成。我们假设离子液体的阳离子在铝沉积的情况下播放``在难治金属的电沉积中的关键作用。而在1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑双BIS（三氟甲基磺酰基）中，[EMIM] TFSI，薄薄的非石化亚卤化物是通过电降低TICL4和TIF4和TIF4和TIF4的tfsi抑制量抑制范围的一定程度来获得的，从而可以调整一定程度的范围。 （STM）在纳米级。即使在[BMP] TFSI和[EMIM] TFSI的混合物中，也观察到了这种效果。在这个项目中，我们旨在通过原位STM以及电化学石英晶体微平衡（EQCM）在[BMP] TFSI，[EMIM] TFSI和混合物中的钒，niobium和Tantalum的电沉积。使用STM，我们想了解离子液体如何影响纳米级电沉积的初始状态。 EQCM测量值应识别有关界面过程中界面的流变和摩擦学特性的信息，以及所涉及物种的摩尔质量。