歯根膜刺激が減少すると海馬錐体細胞が減少するメカニズムの解明　青斑を介した伝導路

阐明牙周膜刺激减少时海马锥体细胞减少的机制：通过蓝斑的传导途径

• 批准号: 21K10000
• 负责人: 原 哲也
• 金额: $ 2.58万
• 依托单位: Okayama University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2021-04-01 至 2024-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-21K10000/
• 关键词: 海馬; 記憶; 青斑核; 青斑; 歯根膜

咬合支持の欠如によって海馬の神経細胞が障害を受けて認知機能が低下することは既に報告されており，そのメカニズムについては歯根膜刺激の減少と考えられている．しかし，三叉神経から記憶に関わる海馬への直接的な神経伝達経路は明確にされていない．本研究では三叉神経中脳路核に近接する青斑核に注目し，抜歯した実験動物におけるこれらの神経核の変化と認知機能の低下との関連性について評価した．7匹ずつの２群に分け，抜歯群は麻酔下で上顎臼歯を抜歯し，対照群には麻酔のみの偽手術を施した．18週齢時から受動的回避実験を開始した．屠殺後採取した脳組織は-80℃で保存し，脳幹部の青斑核と近接する三叉神経中脳路核の細胞数はそれぞれチロシン水酸化酵素の免疫染色とNissl染色を行って計測した。また大脳は左右に切断し，左半球はNissl染色を行い海馬のCA1とCA3における錐体細胞数ならびに歯状回における顆粒細胞数を計測した．右半球の海馬からELISA法を用いてノルアドレナリン(NA)濃度を測定した．受動的回避実験では，抜歯群の再生試行の５日目と６日目において明室での滞在時間は対照群に比べて有意に短くなった．これらのことから対照群と比べて抜歯群では認知機能が低下していた．青斑核と三叉神経中脳路核の細胞数ならびに海馬の錐体細胞数と顆粒細胞数は，抜歯群では対照群に比べて有意に少数であった．海馬と大脳皮質でのNA量も抜歯群では対照群より有意に少なかった．

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