The Antarctic Ice Sheet Mass Balance from Satellite Geodesy and Modeling

该项目的目标是以前所未有的准确度对南极洲及其主要冰流域的长期冰量平衡和相应的海平面影响进行新的全面估计。这应通过结合各种类型的观察和建模来实现。观测基础是GRACE的时变重力场数据、ICESat和ERS-1/ERS-2/ENVISAT的地面高程和高程变化数据以及卫星合成孔径雷达（SAR）的地面流数据。模拟的基础是热机械冰盖模拟，它提供了一个长期的动态冰的历史和辅助模拟冰川均衡调整（GIA）。GIA建模和积雪的大气建模也将被纳入该项目。该项目涉及对观测数据的全面分析，实施结合互补观测的精细方法，以及观测分析和建模之间的强相互作用。该方法应满足项目的挑战：即，考虑特定的时空分辨率和特定的敏感性的个人观测和模拟方法，分离冰质量平衡信号从GIA信号以及从大气和海洋学信号，分离冰质量的年际变化从长期的冰质量平衡，并现实地评估不确定性。

The goal of the project is a new and comprehensive estimate of the long-term ice mass balance of Antarctica and its major ice drainage basins and the corresponding sea level contribution with unprecedented accuracy. This shall be achieved by combining various types of observations and modeling. The observational fundament are time-variable gravity _eld data from GRACE, surface elevation and elevation-change data from ICESat and ERS-1/ERS-2/ENVISAT and surface ow data from satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) . The modeling fundament is thermomechanical ice sheet modeling which provides a long-term dynamic ice mass history and aids modeling of glacial-isostatic adjustment (GIA). GIA modeling and atmospheric modeling of snow accumulation will also be incorporated in the project. The project involves thorough analyses of observational data, the implementation of elaborate methods of combining complementary observations, and strong interactions between observational analyses and modeling. This approach shall meet the project s challenges: Namely, to account for the speci_c spatio-temporal resolutions and speci_c sensitivities of the individual observation and modeling methods, to separate ice mass balance signals from GIA signals as well as from atmospheric and oceanographic signals, to separate interannual ice mass variations from the long-term ice mass balance, and to realistically assess uncertainties.