School- and class-profiles in upper secondary schools and comprehensive schools in the German federal state of Lower Saxony

德国联邦下萨克森州高中和综合学校的学校和班级概况

• 批准号: 312968144
• 负责人: Dr. Sonja Nonte
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Erziehungswissenschaft
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-31 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/312968144?language=en
• 关键词: class; profiles; upper; secondary; schools

Recently more and more German schools develop specific school and/or class profiles in order to attract students and thus to be able to keep their enrolment figures up. On the one hand, school and class profiles enable schools to react to internal and external requirements in a way that accounts for the needs of all groups involved in a specific school. On the other hand, schools can actively influence their body of students by explicitly or implicitly selecting certain groups of students for their schools whenever there is a surplus of applications. Several studies show that selection processes concerning the choice of the type of secondary school (the German Gymnasium (upper secondary school) or integrierte Gesamtschule (comprehensive school)) as well as the choice of specific schools in a certain city or area are related to students social background and class affiliation. These selection processes and the influence of profiling on internal and external school development as well as the effects of certain profiles on students school achievement, have up to now hardly been subject to empirical research. The aim of the project ProfilBildung an Niedersächsischen Gymnasien und integrierten Gesamtschulen (ProBiNi; School- and class-profiles in upper secondary schools and comprehensive schools in the German federal state of Lower Saxony) is to conduct a systematic and multi-perspective first-time analysis of these aspects. The study is designed as a combination of a longitudinal and cross-sectional survey with three measurement points. With the help of standardized questionnaires students, parents, teachers, and principals will be asked for their respective intentions, their choices, and their attitudes towards school and class profiles. Furthermore, students school achievement will be analyzed in a quasi-experimental design (treatment group vs. reference group). Therefore the most common treatment of attending a music/orchestra-oriented and science-oriented class will be analyzed using a random sampling according to the results of a previous analysis of school homepages as well school administrational documents of all upper secondary schools and comprehensive schools in the regions of Braunschweig and Hanover. This sampling procedure will include both, classes with specific profiles and classes without profiles. The three measurement points of the longitudinal analysis will be set at the beginning of Year 5 for all relevant groups and will be repeated at the beginning of Year 6 (students) and Year 7 (students, parents and teachers). Several methods of analysis will be employed to focus on the specific aims of the project: regression and correlation analyses, multilevel analysis, latent growth curve analysis and propensity score matching. All in all with the ProBiNi - project it will be possible to draw a complete picture of the implications class profiles have for individuals as well as for schools and school development processes.

最近，越来越多的德国学校制定了具体的学校和/或班级概况，以吸引学生，从而能够保持其入学人数。一方面，学校和班级概况使学校能够以一种考虑到特定学校涉及的所有群体的需求的方式对内部和外部要求做出反应。另一方面，每当申请人数过剩时，学校可以通过明确或隐含地为学校选择某些学生群体来积极影响学生群体。若干研究表明，选择中学类型(德国体育馆(高中)或综合学校)以及在某个城市或地区选择特定学校的选择过程与学生的社会背景和阶级背景有关。到目前为止，这些选拔过程、概况对学校内外发展的影响以及某些概况对学生学业成绩的影响，几乎没有进行过实证研究。项目Profidung an Niedersächsischen Gymnasien and Entigrierten Gesamtschulen(ProBiNi；德国联邦下萨克森州高中和综合学校的学校和班级概况)的目的是对这些方面进行系统和多角度的首次分析。这项研究设计为纵向和横断面调查相结合的三个测量点。在标准化问卷的帮助下，学生、家长、教师和校长将被问及他们各自的意图、他们的选择以及他们对学校和班级概况的态度。此外，学生的学习成绩将采用准实验设计进行分析(试验组和参照组)。因此，将根据先前对学校主页以及布伦施韦格和汉诺威地区所有高中和综合学校的学校管理文件的分析结果，采用随机抽样的方法，分析参加以音乐/管弦乐队为导向和以科学为导向的课程的最常见待遇。此抽样程序将包括具有特定配置文件的班级和没有配置文件的班级。纵向分析的三个测量点将在5年级开始时为所有相关群体设定，并将在6年级开始(学生)和7年级(学生、家长和教师)重复进行。将使用几种分析方法来关注项目的具体目标：回归和相关分析、多水平分析、潜在增长曲线分析和倾向得分匹配。总而言之，通过ProBiNi项目，将有可能全面了解班级概况对个人以及对学校和学校发展进程的影响。