Relationships of soil phosphorus status to wood anatomical traits and to nutrient translocation in woody plants

土壤磷状况与木材解剖特征和木本植物养分转运的关系

• 批准号: 313251827
• 负责人: Dr. Martyna Kotowska
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Department of Biological Sciences
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Fellowships
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-31 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/313251827?language=en
• 关键词: Relationships; soil; phosphorus; status; wood

A variety of adaptation strategies have enabled vascular plants to survive and prosper in nearly all ecosystems on the globe. Besides facing scarcity in water and light supply, woody plants often have to overcome nutrient limitations to sustain photosynthesis and growth. Of all essential macro nutrients for plant metabolism one of the least available in the soil is phosphorus (P). Due to the low P availability plants have to either optimize their nutrient acquisition and/or reduce nutrient losses. Several functional traits have already been identified as adaptation strategies such as effective nutrient resorption from senescent leaves and increased leaf longevity. However, research on nutrient translocation in stem wood and particularly twigs and associated anatomical features remain scarce. Moreover, adaptive trade-offs as well as the control of P cycling by systemic and environmental factors are still not well understood and the integration of plant-internal P storage and mobilization in the whole-plant nutrient budget is lacking so far.In the present proposal I want to link selected plant functional traits of leaf, stem and roots with nutrient translocation patterns, growth performance and whole-plant nutrient status in tree species growing on soils with contrasting P contents. The research will be conducted at Macquarie University in Sydney, Australia, joining the research groups of Prof. Mark Westoby and Prof. Ian Wright who have profound experience in the field of plant functional traits. The focus of the proposal is to disentangle the effects of low soil P on wood anatomical traits and in particular on wood parenchymatic tissue (i.e. living cells responsible for storage) as well as to understand strategies of woody plants with respect to phosphorus translocation. To achieve this aim the investigation of functional traits in plant communities in growing on P-poor as compared to P-rich soils will be conducted. Additionally, a selection of the occurring species will be cultivated as seedlings in a P availability gradient established in a common garden experiment. The nutrient content of living and freshly senescent tissues such as leaves, twigs, stem wood, bark and roots will be analyzed and related to nutrient relocation. To explore the importance of nutrient translocation for the whole-tree budget the annual production of leaf litter, fine roots and stem growth will be investigated. Wood anatomical analyzes will focus on the relationship between parenchyma fraction and phosphorus and other nutrient content in the wood of different species and the potentially plastic response of wood tissue composition following increased P supply.I am convinced that the opportunities provided by the present proposal will not only contribute to a deeper scientific knowledge of the complex traits associated with phosphorus use, but will also let me acquire the necessary expertise, methodology and knowledge to become a future scientific leader.

各种适应策略使维管植物能够在地球仪上几乎所有的生态系统中生存和繁荣。除了面临水和光供应的短缺外，木本植物还必须克服营养限制以维持光合作用和生长。在植物新陈代谢所必需的大量营养素中，土壤中最难获得的营养素之一是磷（P）。由于低磷可用性，植物必须优化其养分获取和/或减少养分损失。一些功能性状已经被确定为适应策略，如有效的营养吸收从衰老的叶片和叶片寿命增加。然而，干材，特别是小枝的营养物质转运和相关的解剖特征的研究仍然很少。此外，适应性权衡以及系统和环境因素对磷循环的控制仍然没有得到很好的理解，植物内部磷储存和动员在整个植物养分收支中的整合是缺乏的。不同磷含量土壤上树种的生长表现和全株养分状况。该研究将在澳大利亚悉尼麦考瑞大学进行，加入Mark Westoby教授和Ian Wright教授的研究小组，他们在植物功能性状领域拥有丰富的经验。该建议的重点是解开低土壤磷对木材解剖性状的影响，特别是对木材薄壁组织（即负责存储的活细胞），以及了解木本植物磷转运的策略。为了实现这一目标，在植物群落中的功能性状的调查，在磷贫相比，磷丰富的土壤将进行。此外，选择发生的物种将作为幼苗在一个共同的花园实验中建立的P可用性梯度。将分析活的和新鲜衰老的组织如叶、枝、干材、树皮和根的营养含量，并将其与营养迁移联系起来。为了探讨营养物质转运对全树收支的重要性，将调查凋落叶、细根和茎的生长。木材解剖学分析将集中在不同树种木材中薄壁组织分数与磷和其他营养元素含量之间的关系以及木材组织组成在增加磷供应后的潜在塑性响应。我相信，本提案提供的机会不仅有助于加深与磷使用相关的复杂性状的科学知识，还能让我获得必要的专业知识、方法和知识，成为未来的科学领导者。