Satellite-based aerosol mapping over megacities: Development of methodology and application in health and climate related studies

本项目采用双管齐下的方法，解决珠江三角洲的健康和气候相关问题。在比勒菲尔德大学（UBI）与中国珠江三角洲疾病预防控制中心建立疾病负担评估的同时，开发了一种基于卫星的方法来检索珠江三角洲的高分辨率柱状气溶胶数据。高分辨率地表反照率测量和相关测试的必要仪器开发将在前两年在莱比锡进行，而北京大学将利用现有方法从PRD上空的MODIS数据中检索气溶胶信息。这种反演方法需要进一步发展，用于地球静止卫星数据，并通过在珠江三角洲进行的两次验证活动中进行的机载地表反照率测量和补充的地表和边界层气溶胶数据进行验证。根据珠三角现有卫生统计数据的清单及其批判性评价，我们将使用人口健康的汇总措施，详细绘制主要疾病负担的地图，并试图为珠三角亚人群（移徙者、流动人口、边缘定居点居民）指定这些评估。在卫星获取的气溶胶信息的帮助下，疾病负担数据将与环境暴露联系起来，并将考虑到风险因素和疾病负担的未来趋势进行预测。将探讨如何利用数学模型改进珠江三角洲人口健康的综合措施。卫星获得的气溶胶数据将与马克斯-普朗克化学研究所的全球模式模拟相结合，分析珠江三角洲的空气污染足迹及其对全球气候的影响。

With a two-pronged approach this project addresses health and climate related issues in the Pearl River Delta (PRD). While burden of disease assessments are being established by Bielefeld University (UBI) with the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention in PRD a satellite based methodology to retrieve high-resolution columnar aerosol data over PRD is developed. The necessary instrumental development for high-resolution surface albedo measurements and related testing will be done over Leipzig during the first 2 years while Peking University (PKU) retrieves aerosol information with existing methodology from MODIS data over PRD. This retrieval method will need to be developed further for geostationary satellite data and be validated by means of airborne surface albedo measurements and complementary surface and boundary layer aerosol data taken during 2 validation campaigns in PRD. Based on an inventory of existing health statistics for the PRD and their critical evaluation, we will use summary measures of population health for a detailed mapping of major disease burdens with the attempt to specify these assessments for PRD subpopulations (migrants, floating populations, inhabitants of marginal settlements). With the help of the satellite-derived aerosol information the burden of disease data will be associated with environmental exposures and projections will be made considering future trends of risk factor and disease burden. It will be explored how mathematical modeling can be used for improvements of summary measures of population health in PRD. The satellite derived aerosol data will be combined with global model simulations by the Max-Planck-Institute for Chemistry to analyze the air pollution footprint of PRD and its effect on global climate.