New approaches to production scenarios of heavy and superheavy nuclei

理论（H。Lenske）：-将研究重离子的聚变、裂变和多核子转移（MNT）反应，特别是对SHE和外来同位素生产的探索性研究。以前开发的理论形式主义将被应用到复杂的潜在景观核壳和额外的量子效应所创建的核系统的演变。核裂变将被研究，目的是解释即使在高激发能量下对称和不对称裂变模式的共存。作为一个新的主题，我们将更加关注非平衡动力学，并在此背景下，探索使用晶格理论作为多体系统数值模拟的潜在强大方法。将特别强调随机力耗散的描述。- 作为一个诱人的进一步应用，我们使用相同的（数值）方法的恒星合并的描述。先前的固定点分析表明，di-star系统被驱动到质量平衡。在即将到来的资助期间，该方法将扩展到耗散相互作用，将由朗之万方法处理。海因茨）-关于MNT反应的实验计划将集中在新的实验上。迄今为止获得的结果表明，MNT反应是一种有前途的方法，主要是非常缺中子超铀同位素的合成。在GSI的速度过滤器SHIP上进行的为期一天的实验中，我们在核素图的该区域发现了5种Z≥92的新同位素，并观察到9种已知的MNT产物，98 ≤ Z ≤ 102。 2020年4月将在JINR杜布纳的新速度过滤器SHELS进行新的实验。一个主要目标是合成更多新的缺中子超铀同位素，特别是在N=126壳层附近。此外，还将对Z≥100的MNT产品进行进一步研究，并测量激发函数。第二个实验将集中在Pb以下的富中子MNT产物区域。 根据先前研究的结果，新的实验将采用优化的设置和相当长的射束时间进行。此外，SHELS数据采集系统比我们在以前的实验中使用的系统快10倍，并且有一个有效的伽马探测器阵列。后一个是特别感兴趣的β发射体的识别。

Theory (H. Lenske):- Fusion, fission and multinucleon transfer (MNT) reactions of heavy ions will be investigated, especially for the exploratory studies of SHE and exotic isotope production. The previously developed theoretical formalism will be applied to the evolution of nuclear systems in complex potential landscapes created by nuclear shell and additional quantum effects. Nuclear fission will be studied with the aim to explain the coexistence of symmetric and asymmetric fission modes even at high excitation energies.- As a new topic, we set a stronger focus on non-equilibrium dynamics and, in that context, explore the use of lattice theory as a potentially powerful method for numerical simulations of many-body systems. Special emphasis will be put on the description of dissipation by random forces. - As a tempting further application, we use the same (numerical) methods for the description of stellar mergers. The previous fix point analysis showed that di-star systems are driven to mass equilibration. In the upcoming funding period, the approach will be extended to dissipative interactions, to be treated by the Langevin approach.Experiment (S. Heinz)- The experimental program on MNT reactions will focus on new experiments. The so far obtained results revealed that MNT reactions are a promising method to synthesize predominantly very neutron-deficient transuranium isotopes. In a one day experiment at the velocity filter SHIP of GSI we discovered five new isotopes with Z≥92 in this region of the nuclide chart and observed nine already known MNT products with 98 ≤ Z ≤ 102.- A new experiment will take place in April 2020 at the new velocity filter SHELS of JINR Dubna. One main goal is the synthesis of further new neutron-deficient transuranium isotopes, especially around the N=126 shell. Also, further studies of MNT products with Z≥100 will take place, and excitation functions will be measured. A second experiment will focus on the region of neutron-rich MNT products below Pb.- Based on the results from previous studies, the new experiments will be conducted with optimized settings and considerably longer beam times. Also, the SHELS data acquisition system is 10 times faster than the one which we used in previous experiments, and there is an efficient array of gamma detectors available. The latter one being of special interest for the identification of beta emitters.