Eukaryotic-like proteins from Asgard archaea

我们在三个方面取得了重大进展：1）Asgard Tubulin：我们已经证明该蛋白是真核微管和原核细胞分裂机制FtsZ之间的中间体。这为复杂的蛋白质机器如何从具有不同功能的蛋白质进化提供了一个迷人的见解。这些数据发表于2022年。阿里，S.，特兰湖，澳-地T.，盖拉尔，J.，李伟，Hayashida，K.，Hirose，M.，Kato，T.，Oshima，A.，Fujishima，K.，布朗钦湖Narita，A. &罗宾逊，R. C. Odinarchaeota微管蛋白的结构和动力学以及对真核微管进化的影响。Sci.（2022）8，10.1126/sciadv.abm22252）Heimdallarchaeota和Odinarchaeota凝溶胶。在这里，我们已经证明，从这些到门凝胶能够切断肌动蛋白丝在钙依赖性的方式。这使我们得出结论，钙信号的肌动蛋白细胞骨架中存在于最后的共同祖先的Asgard古菌和真核生物，因此早于真核发生。这篇手稿正在PNAS进行修订。3）小GT3信号复合物。我们已经解决了一个Rab-like GTdR，几个路障蛋白和TRAPP蛋白的晶体结构。这些数据使我们能够证明，在真核细胞的信号蛋白，如ragulator复合物的核心蛋白，是目前在阿斯加德古菌。因此，膜的复杂信号早于真核发生。这份手稿即将完成。

We have made significant progress in three areas:1) Asgard Tubulin: We have demonstrated that this protein is an intermediate between eukaryotic microtubules and the prokaryotic cell division machinery FtsZ. This provides a fascinating insight as to how a complex protein machine can evolve from a protein with a different function. These data were published in 2022.Akil, C., Ali, S., Tran, L. T., Gaillard, J., Li, W., Hayashida, K., Hirose, M., Kato, T., Oshima, A., Fujishima, K., Blanchoin, L., Narita, A. & Robinson, R. C. Structure and dynamics of Odinarchaeota tubulin and the implications for eukaryotic microtubule evolution. Sci. Adv. (2022) 8, 10.1126/sciadv.abm22252) Heimdallarchaeota and Odinarchaeota gelsolins. Here we have demonstrated that gelolins from these to phyla are able to sever actin filaments in a calcium-dependent manner. This leads us to the conclusion that calcium signaling to the actin cytoskeleton was present in the last common ancestor of Asgard archaea and eukaryotes, and thus predate eukaryogenesis. This manuscript is under revision at PNAS.3) Small GTPase signaling complexes. We have solved crystal structures of a Rab-like GTPase, several roadblock proteins and TRAPP proteins. These data allow us to demonstrate that the core proteins in eukaryotic signaling proteins, such as the ragulator complex, are present in Asgard archaea. Thus complex signalling to membranes predates eukaryogenesis. This manuscript is near completion.