Microorganisms and the turnover of soil aggregates: The importance of extracellular polymeric substances

微生物和土壤团聚体的周转:细胞外聚合物的重要性

基本信息

项目摘要

Soil aggregation is critical for carbon sequestration, plant growth, and soil fertility. Microbial processes have been recognised as an important control of aggregate turnover (formation, stability, and destruction). However, how microorganisms contribute to these processes is still a matter of debate. One crucial mechanism determining aggregate turnover may be the excretion of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) as microbial glue, but the role of the amount and composition of EPS on macroaggregation is largely unknown. Moreover, interdependencies between important aggregation factors like the amount of fine-sized particles (clay), the decomposability of organic matter and microorganisms (amount and composition, as well as the excretion of EPS) are still poorly understood. Thus, the main objective of this proposal is to study the complex interactions between these factors and their role in aggregate turnover. The overarching goal is to evaluate and identify the mechanisms defining the temporal patterns of macroaggregate turnover with respect to the role of microorganisms. Thereby, the project focuses on the role of EPS for macroaggregate formation and stabilisation. The basis of this project is an incubation experiment which will be conducted across a gradient of clay content and substrate decomposability as main drivers of the microbial activity. We hypothesise that an increase in microbial activity, induced by the input of organic substrates, will stimulate EPS production and therefore the formation and stability of aggregates. Furthermore, we expect that EPS-proteins will increase aggregate stability more than EPS-polysaccharides. A combination of aggregate separation and stability tests will be applied. The results will be examined with respect to the obtained microbial parameters (CO2 respiration, microbial biomass, phospholipid fatty acid, amount and composition of EPS), to disentangle the mechanisms and factors controlling macroaggregate turnover affected by soil microorganisms. We will directly evaluate if EPS-proteins or EPS-polysaccharides contribute more to macroaggregate stability. Water-stable macroaggregates will be obtained, and the amount and composition of EPS will be measured therein. In this regard, high resolution mass spectrometry will offer a very detailed view into the molecular composition of EPS. This analysis is expected to provide conclusive results on the role of EPS on the stability of macroaggregates. Here we present an innovative and interdisciplinary approach to disentangling how macroaggregate turnover is controlled by microorganisms, in particular by examining their role in the production and composition of EPS. This project will provide an improved understanding of the underlying processes of macroaggregate turnover in soils, which is necessary for the implementation of better soil management practices, to improve soil structure, reduce susceptibility to topsoil erosion, and enhance C sequestration.
土壤团聚体对固碳、植物生长和土壤肥力至关重要。微生物过程已被认为是控制聚集体周转(形成、稳定和破坏)的重要因素。然而,微生物对这些过程的贡献仍然是一个有争议的问题。决定聚集体周转的一个重要机制可能是作为微生物胶的胞外聚合物(EPS)的排泄,但EPS的数量和组成对大聚集的作用在很大程度上是未知的。此外,重要的聚集因素之间的相互依赖关系,如细小颗粒(粘土)的数量、有机物的分解能力和微生物(数量和组成,以及EPS的排泄量)仍然知之甚少。因此,这项提议的主要目标是研究这些因素之间的复杂相互作用及其在总营业额中的作用。总体目标是评价和确定确定与微生物作用有关的大集合体周转时间模式的机制。因此,该项目将重点放在EPS在大集料形成和稳定方面的作用。该项目的基础是一项培养实验,该实验将通过粘土含量和底物分解能力的梯度进行,作为微生物活动的主要驱动因素。我们假设,有机底物的输入导致微生物活性的增加,将刺激EPS的产生,从而促进聚集体的形成和稳定。此外,我们预计EPS-蛋白质比EPS-多糖更能提高聚集体的稳定性。将结合骨料分离和稳定性测试进行测试。根据所获得的微生物参数(CO2呼吸、微生物生物量、磷脂脂肪酸、EPS的数量和组成)对结果进行检验,以揭示土壤微生物影响大团聚体周转的机制和因素。我们将直接评估EPS-蛋白质和EPS-多糖中哪一个对大聚集稳定性的贡献更大。将获得水稳定的大团聚体,并测量其中EPS的数量和组成。在这方面,高分辨率质谱仪将提供对EPS分子组成的非常详细的看法。这项分析有望就EPS对大团聚体稳定性的作用提供确凿的结果。在这里,我们提出了一种创新的跨学科方法来解决微生物如何控制大集合体周转的问题,特别是通过研究它们在EPS的生产和组成中的作用。该项目将更好地了解土壤中大团聚体周转的基本过程,这对于实施更好的土壤管理做法、改善土壤结构、减少对表层土壤侵蚀的敏感性和加强碳固存是必要的。

项目成果

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Dr. Cordula Vogel其他文献

Dr. Cordula Vogel的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Dr. Cordula Vogel', 18)}}的其他基金

Production of microbial extracellular polymeric substances in soil-like systems – The role of nutrient imbalances, water availability and presence of mineral surfaces
类土壤系统中微生物胞外聚合物的生产 â 营养不平衡、水的可用性和矿物表面存在的作用
  • 批准号:
    418940907
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants

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