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Frequency dependence of pollination - from individual behaviour to community dynamics

授粉的频率依赖性 - 从个体行为到群落动态

基本信息

批准号：
323765545
负责人：
Dr. Gita Benadi
金额：
--
依托单位：
Lehrstuhl für Biometrie und Umweltsystemanalyse
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2015-12-31 至 2021-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/323765545?language=en
关键词：
Frequency dependence pollination individual behaviour

项目摘要

How species with similar resource requirements are able to coexist is one of the oldest and most central questions in ecology. Theoretical work has shown that a negative relationship between each species' relative abundance and its fitness (negative frequency dependence) is necessary for stable coexistence, while positive frequency dependence destabilizes coexistence and leads to a loss of diversity. In many plant species, fitness depends on pollination by animals, but how the pollination success of plant species varies with their frequency is not fully understood. Previous theoretical studies have suggested that pollination success should be positively frequency dependent under most conditions, but these predictions were based on simple models of pollinator foraging behaviour. Moreover, it is currently unclear how plant and pollinator traits and environmental conditions influence the strength and direction of frequency dependence of pollination.The aim of this proposed research project is to investigate the effect of plant frequency on pollination success using a combination of individual-based modelling, a laboratory experiment and a field study. The individual-based approach will allow me to model pollinator foraging behaviour in more detail than previous studies and account for limited information in individual decision-making. I will then compare the model's predictions to empirical data from a laboratory experiment of bumblebees foraging on artificial flowers, which enables me to control all environmental factors that can influence the foraging decisions of pollinators. In a field study of an entire species-rich plant community in the Fynbos biome of South Africa, I will test the model's predictions under more complex natural conditions with frequency variation at multiple spatial scales, and assess the effects of the structure of the plant-pollinator network on flower visitation and seed set in relation to frequency. Overall, this project will help us understand under which conditions pollination by animals promotes or impedes species coexistence in plant communities, and thereby contribute to preserving species-rich communities of flowering plants in a rapidly changing world.

具有相似资源需求的物种如何能够共存是生态学中最古老也是最核心的问题之一。理论研究表明，每个物种的相对丰度与其适应度之间的负相关关系（负频率依赖）是稳定共存所必需的，而正频率依赖则会破坏共存并导致多样性的丧失。在许多植物物种中，适应性依赖于动物的传粉，但植物物种的传粉成功率如何随其频率而变化尚不完全清楚。先前的理论研究表明，在大多数情况下，传粉成功率应该与频率呈正相关，但这些预测是基于传粉媒介觅食行为的简单模型。此外，目前还不清楚植物和传粉者的性状和环境条件如何影响授粉频率依赖的强度和方向。本研究计划的目的是利用基于个体的模型、实验室实验和实地研究相结合的方法，调查植物频率对授粉成功的影响。基于个体的方法将使我能够比以前的研究更详细地模拟传粉者的觅食行为，并解释个体决策中的有限信息。然后，我将模型的预测与大黄蜂在人造花上觅食的实验室实验的经验数据进行比较，这使我能够控制所有可能影响传粉媒介觅食决策的环境因素。在对南非Fynbos生物群系中一个物种丰富的植物群落的实地研究中，我将在更复杂的自然条件下测试模型的预测，并在多个空间尺度上进行频率变化，并评估与频率相关的植物-传粉者网络结构对花朵访问和种子设置的影响。总的来说，这个项目将帮助我们了解动物授粉在哪些条件下促进或阻碍植物群落中的物种共存，从而有助于在快速变化的世界中保护物种丰富的开花植物群落。