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Environmental and biotic controls on conodont body size and teeth morphology as proxies for their feeding ecology

环境和生物对牙形刺身体大小和牙齿形态的控制作为其摄食生态的代表

基本信息

批准号：
323850801
负责人：
Dr. Emilia Jarochowska
金额：
--
依托单位：
Geoloogia instituut
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2015-12-31 至 2019-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/323850801?language=en
关键词：
Environmental biotic controls conodont body

项目摘要

Before the advent of jawed vertebrates, conodonts were the most abundant and diverse predators of early Palaeozoic oceans. Their phosphatic teeth abound in upper Cambrian through Triassic marine rocks. Thanks to their extraordinarily rapid morphological evolution, conodonts are established as a prime tool in biostratigraphy. Yet the feeding ecology that allowed this rapid diversification of food-processing structures remains unknown.The core question of this project is: How does conodont morphology reflect their trophic position, diet, and environmental conditions? This project will develop quantitative proxies to study conodont teeth and provide models of their variability in function of the abiotic environment (lithofacies) and biotic interactions (community structure). Teeth size will be quantified as a proxy for prey size, and thickness of the biomineralized tissue will be used as an indicator of durophagy. These parameters will be examined across well-documented environmental gradients in the middle Silurian carbonate succession of Gotland, Sweden. The project will allow distinguishing ecophenotypic variability from microevolutionary patterns. It will also identify the key controls on this variability by testing ecological models derived from other faunal groups, e.g. the relationship between body size structure in a community and the length of the trophic chain. These models will be independently tested by applying geochemical proxies for the trophic level of individual organisms. The project will provide a framework within which conodont morphological diversity across geological successions can be interpreted by partitioning it into ecophenotypic and evolutionary trends.

在有颚脊椎动物出现之前，牙形刺是早古生代海洋中最丰富、最多样化的捕食者。它们的磷质牙齿在上寒武统至三叠纪海相岩石中十分丰富。由于牙形刺异常快速的形态演化，它们被确立为生物地层学的主要工具。然而，使食物加工结构迅速多样化的摄食生态学仍然是未知的。本项目的核心问题是：牙形石形态如何反映它们的营养位置，饮食和环境条件？该项目将开发定量代理，以研究牙形石牙齿，并提供其在非生物环境（岩相）和生物相互作用（群落结构）功能方面的可变性模型。牙齿大小将被量化为猎物大小的代理，生物矿化组织的厚度将被用作硬食性的指标。这些参数将检查整个有据可查的环境梯度在中志留世碳酸盐序列的哥特兰，瑞典。该项目将允许区分生态表型变异与微进化模式。它还将通过测试从其他动物群中得出的生态模型，例如群落中的体型结构与营养链长度之间的关系，来确定对这种变异性的关键控制。这些模型将通过应用个别生物体营养水平的地球化学代用指标进行独立测试。该项目将提供一个框架，在此框架内，牙形石形态多样性的地质演替可以解释它分为生态表型和进化趋势。