Initiation of a species-level fossil diatom image database

在2022年期间，我再次关注始新世，特别是MORS(日德兰)，那里含有一些可疑的根霉。似乎属于普罗博西亚。其中一种叫R.dubia，它的生活史看起来很复杂--出版的两份标本插图显示，组合细胞中含有Pseudopyxilla dubia和一个未命名的Rhizosolenia种。我们的结果表明，后者是ProBoscia种，尽管观察了数百个标本，但没有看到组合细胞。我们将这一物种命名为ProBoscia Pinocchioi，因为它有独特的中长刺突。一些标本也被发现带有卡环和瓣膜底座上的邻接区--这是迄今为止发现的最古老的卡环记录，并证明了一些化石ProBoscia能够制造短链(Abe&Jordan，2022)。不同于克氏松毛虫的脊状血统，P.pinocchioi结合了随后的两个血统的特征，即巴氏松毛虫血统(有大的极地刺)和有翼毛虫血统(有扣子)。MORS的其他种(R.clavigera，R.Fragilis，R.juetlandica，R.sp.)1、丝核菌R.sp.3)还需要转移到普罗博西亚。在其他始新世遗址上也进行了进一步的研究。值得注意的是，ProBoscia spp.在北极中部、加利福尼亚州、巴巴多斯、以色列和奥马鲁的样本中观察到了锯齿状边缘。另一种为ProBoscia sp.在北极中部形成了垫子。南半球和北半球的中始新世组合也有明显的差异，这一趋势在早渐新世组合中也很明显。

During 2022, I focused again on the Eocene, particularly Mors (Jutland) which contains a number of dubious Rhizosolenia spp. that appear to belong to Proboscia. One of these species, R. dubia, had a seemingly complicated life cycle - published illustrations of two specimens had shown combination cells involving Pseudopyxilla dubia and an unnamed Rhizosolenia species. Our results demonstrated that the latter was a Proboscia species and despite observing hundreds of specimens, no combination cells were seen. We named this species, Proboscia pinocchioi, due to its unique long middle spinula. Some specimens were also seen with claspers and contiguous areas on the valve base - this is the oldest record of claspers found to date, and proof that some fossil Proboscia were capable of making short chains (Abe & Jordan, 2022). Unlike the ridged forms of the P. cretacea lineage, P. pinocchioi combines characters of the two subsequent lineages, the P. barboi lineage (with large polar spines) and P. alata lineage (with claspers). Other species in Mors (R. clavigera, R. fragilis, R. juetlandica, R. sp. 1, R. sp. 3) will also need transferring to Proboscia. Further research was also conducted on other Eocene sites. Notably, Proboscia spp. with serrated edges were observed in samples from the Central Arctic, California, Barbados, Israel and Oamaru. While another Proboscia sp. in the Central Arctic formed mats. There were also clear differences between the Middle Eocene assemblages of the northern and southern hemispheres, a trend which was also apparent in Early Oligocene assemblages.