Critical Response to Images and the Making of Images in the European Middle Ages:The Libri Carolini and Carolingian Art

《书》是西方对中世纪留给我们的具象艺术态度的最充分的陈述（Dodwell 1993，32）。写在指挥查理曼在791-792年，工作进行了逐点驳斥第二次理事会的尼西亚（787）的行为和法令有关的图像和发言赞成通过媒体之间的iconocelium和iconocelium信念。该项目设定了两个目标：第一，分析Libri Museini的概念，作为对马赛克法律对图像的长期转变过程的主要贡献。它把重点放在对图像的批判性反应的论点上，特别是那些确认图像只不过是物质对象，因此图像制作对宗教问题是中立的。其次，该项目调查了Libri Muscini的温和但批判的态度以何种方式规范了君士坦丁帝国的各个图像制作领域。

The Libri Carolini are much the fullest statement of the Western attitude to representational art that has been left to us by the Middle Ages (Dodwell 1993, 32). Written on command of Charlemagne in 791-792, the work undertakes a point-by-point refutation of the Second Council of Nicaeas (787) acts and decrees regarding images and speaks in favour of a via media between iconoclastic and iconodule convictions. The project sets two objectives: Firstly, to analyse the concepts of the Libri Carolini as a major contribution to the long process of transformation of the Mosaic Law against images. It puts into focus arguments of critical response to images, especially those that confirm that images are no more than material objects and that image-making therefore is a matter neutral to religious problems. Secondly, the project investigates in which ways the moderate but critical attitude of the Libri Carolini regulated the various fields of image-making in the Carolingian Empire.