Experimental Demonstrations of New Theorems of Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics

非平衡热力学新定理的实验论证

• 批准号: DP0662953
• 负责人: Prof Edith Sevick
• 金额: $ 25.23万
• 依托单位: The Australian National University
• 依托单位国家: 澳大利亚
• 项目类别: Discovery Projects
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 澳大利亚
• 起止时间: 2006-01-01 至 2009-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://dataportal.arc.gov.au/RGS/Web/Grants/DP0662953
• 关键词: Experimental; Demonstrations; New; Theorems; Nonequilibrium

In the last decade, two theorems have been proposed to revolutionise the field of thermodynamics. These theorems lift the restriction of the thermodynamic limit, allowing thermodynamic concepts to be applied to small systems such as nanomachines, and characterise systems that may be far-from-equilibrium. These theorems are at odds with a traditional understanding of 19th century thermodynamics where equilibrium is central and the Second Law inviolate. However they are critical to the application of thermodynamic concepts to modern systems of the 21st century. Using Optical Tweezers, we will experimentally demonstrate these theorems, present irrefutable evidence of their validity, and demonstrate their application in modern systems.

在过去的十年里，已经提出了两个定理来彻底改变热力学领域。这些定理解除了热力学极限的限制，允许热力学概念应用于纳米机器等小系统，并表征可能远离平衡的系统。这些定理与19世纪热力学的传统理解不一致，在这种理解中，平衡是中心，第二定律是不被违反的。然而，它们对于将热力学概念应用于21世纪的现代系统至关重要。使用光镊子，我们将在实验上演示这些定理，提供确凿的证据证明它们的有效性，并演示它们在现代系统中的应用。