Zircon in tephra as a novel tool to decrypt geologic and archaeological archives: a case study from Central America

火山灰中的锆石作为解密地质和考古档案的新工具：中美洲的案例研究

• 批准号: 368993339
• 负责人: Privatdozent Dr. Steffen Kutterolf
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Forschungseinheit Magmatische und Hydrothermale Systeme
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-31 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/368993339?language=en
• 关键词: Zircon; tephra; novel; tool; decrypt

Atitlan, Amatitlan, Coatepeque and Ilopango (Guatemala, El Salvador) are four neighboring calderas in the northern part of the Central American Volcanic Arc (CAVA). These calderas have produced numerous explosively erupted tephras which are regionally deposited on- and off-shore where they form geologically and archaeologically important marker horizons throughout the Pleistocene-Holocene. Their most recent eruption, the Tierra Blanca Joven event of Ilopango volcano at around 536 CE, was disastrous for the local Maya civilization and had tangible effects on global climate. Often indistinguishable chemical and mineralogical compositions and overlapping depositional distributions, however, have largely hampered unambiguous correlations between these tephras and their respective source calderas. In consequence, the temporal evolution of magma compositions and eruptive recurrence for these calderas, an important aspect for hazard analysis, remain incompletely understood. We propose to apply high spatial resolution analysis of zircon extracted from medial and distal tephra in comparison with zircon from proximal samples. The chemical stability of zircon is a major advantage compared to the more conventionally used analysis of volcanic glasses and less retentive minerals. This propensity of zircon is the key to meet the three major objectives of this proposal: (1) to reconstruct the temporal evolution of the Ilopango magma system and identify the roles of key magmatic processes (fractional crystallization, assimilation, and magma recharge) at high temporal resolution; (2) to complement and improve existing methods for tephra correlation by using the ages and compositions of dust-sized zircon as a fingerprint for distal tephras; and (3) to compare zircon ages from natural tephra deposits with those associated with volcanic ash used as a temper in late-classic Maya pottery with the goal to clarify the enigmatic provenance of these geomaterials in non-volcanic Maya habitats. The anticipated results are critical for better understanding magma origins and storage in magmatic arcs, as well as the crustal structure of the CAVA. Improved tephrochonology will permit geologic and stratigraphic correlations in terrestrial and marine depositional environments in the region, which can set a benchmark for other volcanic arcs. Lastly, the provenance of geomaterials in Maya pottery is a clue to re-evaluate existing models for Maya societal organization.

Atitlan，Amatitlan，Coatepeque和Ilopango（危地马拉，El Salvador）是中美洲火山弧（Cava）北部的四个邻近火山口。这些火山口已经产生了许多爆炸性爆发的tephras，它们在区域内和离岸地区沉积，它们在整个更新世三世上形成地质和考古学上重要的标记范围。他们最近的爆发是公元536年左右的伊洛彭戈火山的蒂拉·布兰卡·乔文（Tierra Blanca Joven）事件，对当地的玛雅文明来说是灾难性的，对全球气候产生了切实的影响。然而，通常无法区分的化学和矿物学组成以及重叠的沉积分布在很大程度上阻碍了这些tephras及其各自的源盐粉的明确相关性。结果，这些小火山口的岩浆成分和喷发复发的时间演变，这是危险分析的重要方面，尚未完全理解。我们建议与近端样品中的锆石相比，对从内侧和远端tephra提取的锆石进行高空间分辨率分析。与对火山玻璃和较少保留矿物的分析相比，锆石的化学稳定性是一个主要优势。锆石的这种倾向是达到该提案的三个主要目标的关键：（1）重建Ilopango Magma系统的时间演变，并确定关键岩浆过程（分数结晶，同化，和岩浆接收）在高时间分辨率下的作用； （2）通过使用尘埃锆石的年龄和组成作为远端tephras的指纹，以补充和改善现有的tephra相关方法； （3）将天然tephra沉积物的锆石年龄与在晚期经典玛雅陶器中用作脾气的火山灰相关的锆石，目的是阐明这些地材料在非volcanic的玛雅人栖息地中的神秘来源。预期的结果对于更好地理解岩浆弧的岩浆起源和存储至关重要，以及CAVA的地壳结构。改善的tephrohonology将允许该地区的地质和地层相关性在地质和海洋沉积环境中，这可以为其他火山弧设定基准。最后，在玛雅陶器中的地貌来源是重新评估玛雅社会组织现有模型的线索。

项目成果

A history of violence: magma incubation, timing and tephra distribution of the Los Chocoyos supereruption (Atitlán Caldera, Guatemala)

暴力史：Los Chocoyos 超级喷发的岩浆孕育、时间和火山灰分布（危地马拉阿蒂特兰火山口）

• DOI: 10.1002/jqs.3265
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Journal of Quaternary Science
• 影响因子: 2.3
• 作者: Cisneros de León;Schindlbeck‐Belo;Kutterolf;Danišík;Schmitt;Freundt;Pérez;Harvey;K. L.
• 通讯作者: K. L.

Zircon and Melt Extraction From a Long‐Lived and Vertically Extensive Magma System Underneath Ilopango Caldera (El Salvador)

从伊洛潘戈火山口（萨尔瓦多）下方长期存在且垂直广泛的岩浆系统中提取锆石和熔体

• DOI: 10.1029/2020gc009507
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Geochemistry
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Cisneros de León;Schmitt;Kutterolf;Schindlbeck-Belo;Hernández;K. W. W;Garrison;K. L. ;Trumbull
• 通讯作者: Trumbull

The Arce Tephra: Two subsequent paroxysmal Plinian eruptions from Coatepeque Caldera (El Salvador)

Arce Tephra：科特佩克火山口（萨尔瓦多）连续两次爆发普林尼式喷发

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2019.106673
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Kutterolf;Schindlbeck-Belo;Rademacher;Cisneros de León;Eisele;Freundt;Hernandez
• 通讯作者: Hernandez

Millennial to decadal magma evolution in an arc volcano from zircon and tephra of the 2016 Santiaguito eruption (Guatemala)

2016 年圣蒂亚吉托火山喷发（危地马拉）的锆石和火山灰在弧火山中的千年至十年岩浆演化

• DOI: 10.1016/j.lithos.2019.04.027
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Lithos
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: Cisneros de León;Schmitt;Schindlbeck-Belo;Trumbull;Juárez
• 通讯作者: Juárez