The "Codex Remensis" of the State Library at Berlin (Ms. Phill. 1743): The role of the Gallic episcopate in the transmission of late antique legal knowledge and the construction of Merovingian politics

在从古代到中世纪的过渡时期，高卢主教，其中许多是元老院的后裔，继续在高卢主教辖区和教会行省的区域背景下管理古代基督教会。然而，作为主教，他们也在更广泛的范围内运作，因为他们通过努力维护继承的法律传统而参与政治，同时也通过主教会议建立的主教共识进一步推动其发展。他们的行动是与墨洛温王朝的国王合作决定的，但也服从于罗马主教，罗马主教是罗马帝国教会和君士坦丁堡帝国法院之间的管道。也许对这一过程最好的说明是古抄本（Codex Remensis），这是一份保存在柏林国家图书馆（1743年）的8世纪手稿。这个项目的目的是第一次系统的调查这个著名的手稿，这是长期以来难以接近的。《古抄本》独特地保存了通过大公会议立法和教皇法令发展起来的教会法律文本的集合，罗马皇帝查士丁尼（Justinian）煽动的极具影响力的神学三章争论的文本档案，以及614年内战后法兰克国王克洛泰尔二世（Chlothar II）发布的政治改革的立法文本。此外，手抄本还保留了9世纪的边缘注释，说明了重要的加洛林主教和法律专家兰斯的欣马尔使用它。在这个项目的过程中，最近才被修复和数字化的古抄本将被分析，而文本中难以辨认的段落将在新的科学工具的帮助下重建。将抄录和分析手稿中所载文本的内容和来源，以便将其解释为高卢主教法律知识的独特证据，并作为主教和国王在立法事务上开创性合作的见证。《古抄本》提供的放大镜，以跨学科的方式进行审查，并通过新技术和数字化提供，将使我们能够展示高卢主教如何利用其法律专业知识，以重要和开创性的方式参与了古代和中世纪之间的政治和法律变革。此外，该项目还打算对柏林国家图书馆保存的中世纪早期法律手稿进行更深入的研究。

During the transition from antiquity to the middle ages, the Gallic bishops, many of whom were of senatorial descent, continued to run the ancient Christian church in the regional context of the bishoprics and ecclesiastical provinces of Gaul. However, as episcopate, they also operated on a wider scale as they got involved in politics through their efforts preserving the inherited legal tradition while also furthering its development by episcopal consensus as established through synods. Their actions were determined in cooperation with the Merovingian kings, but also in subordination to the bishop of Rome, who acted as a conduit between the Roman imperial church and the imperial court in Constantinople. Perhaps the best illustration of this process is given by the Codex Remensis, an 8th-century manuscript today kept in the Staatsbibliothek at Berlin (Phill. 1743). This project aims at the first systematic investigation into this famous manuscript, which has long been inaccessible. The Codex Remensis uniquely preserves a collection of ecclesiastical law texts as developed through conciliar legislation and papal decrees, a dossier of texts related to the hugely influential theological Three-Chapters controversy instigated by the Roman emperor Justinian, and legislative texts relating to a political reform issued by the Frankish king Chlothar II in 614 following a period of civil wars. In addition, the codex preserves marginal notes from the 9th century illustrating its use by the important Carolingian bishop and legal expert Hincmar of Rheims.In the course of the project, the Codex, which has been restored and digitized only recently, will be analyzed paleographically, while illegible passages within the texts will be reconstructed with the help of new scientific tools. The texts contained in the manuscript will be transcribed and analyzed with regard to contents and sources in order to interpret them as unique evidence for the legal knowledge of Gallic bishops, and as a testimony to a pioneering cooperation between bishops and kings in legislative matters. The magnifying glass provided by the Codex Remensis, scrutinized in an interdisciplinary approach and made accessible through new technologies and digitization, will allow us to show how the Gallic episcopate, by use of its legal expertise, was engaged with the political and legal transformations between antiquity and the middle ages in important and groundbreaking ways. Moreover, the project also intends to initiate more intense research into the early medieval legal manuscripts kept by the Staatsbibliothek at Berlin.