Scipio Aemilianus and the Strategies of Aristocratic Rivalry between Mid- and Late Roman Republic

西庇阿·艾米利亚努斯与罗马共和国中晚期贵族对抗策略

• 批准号: 376449813
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Jan-Markus Kötter
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Alte Geschichte
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-31 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/376449813?language=en
• 关键词: Scipio; Aemilianus; Strategies; Aristocratic; Rivalry

There is no systematic study of the aristocratic competition in the later years of the Roman mid-Republic. This is all the more remarkable as the 140s and 130s BC are particularly instructive in explaining some phenomena, which led to the dynamic weakening of the Roman political system after the landmark year of 133. This begs the question whether and to which extent such phenomena are to be traced back already to the times of the allegedly more stable mid-Republic. Furthermore, this involves the still important question of the conceptualization of this mid-Republic within the wider republican era, particularly regarding its political culture and the relative proportion of consensus-orientated and confrontational action schemata of Roman aristocrats. The proposed project will examine this set of questions by analyzing the aristocratic competition within the later mid-Republic. It will systematically clarify which steps within the politic competition during the time of observation were imaginable, as well as which of these imaginable steps were in fact enforceable (and on what basis this could have happened). Thus, the project contributes to a deeper understanding of the transition of the mid- to the later Republic, especially with regard to possible ruptures and continuities. At the heart of the study, there is Scipio Aemilianus, a protagonist of the observed decades, whose political success was based in fact on shortcuts regarding common career patterns. Nevertheless, he should not be seen a priori as an exceptional case, since all the issues outlined above are to be examined on the basis of his very career. However, it needs to be assured to interlink the individual scope of Scipio with more structural levels of interpretation, to subordinate it to a distinct theoretical foundation, and to analyze it in consideration of the broad interactional variety of aristocratic interrelationships.By means of a monographic study, but as well expanded to academic presentations and articles, the project aims to supplement research on the Roman Republic with a detailed examination of a chronologically crucial point in history. At the same time, it aims to generate impetus for further discussions on the beginning disintegration of the political system in late republican times. For example, the project takes a glance at the early stages of popular politics, without stating an abrupt rupture of political acting modes in 133. Furthermore, the emphasis on the significance of mobilizing crises for the breakup of the strongly levelled chances of success within the normal modes of Roman politics can offer explanatory approaches not only for the growing tribunician violence, but also for the more frequent appearance of preeminent aristocratic individuals in late republican times.

对罗马共和中期后期贵族竞争的系统研究尚不多见。这一点尤其值得注意，因为公元前140年代和公元前130年代在解释一些现象方面特别有启发性，这些现象导致了罗马政治制度在具有里程碑意义的133年之后的动态削弱。这就引出了一个问题，即这种现象是否以及在多大程度上可以追溯到据称较为稳定的共和国中期。此外，这还涉及到一个仍然重要的问题，即在更广泛的共和时代内对这个中期共和国的概念化，特别是关于它的政治文化以及罗马贵族以共识为导向的和对抗性的行动图式的相对比例。这个项目将通过分析共和国中期后期的贵族竞争来研究这一系列问题。它将系统地阐明在观察期间的政治竞争中，哪些步骤是可以想象的，以及这些可以想象的步骤中哪些实际上是可执行的（以及这种情况可能发生的基础是什么）。因此，该项目有助于更深入地了解共和国中期到后期的过渡，特别是关于可能的断裂和连续性。在这项研究的核心，有西庇阿Aemilianus，观察几十年的主角，其政治上的成功实际上是基于对常见的职业模式的捷径。然而，不应先验地将他视为一个例外，因为上述所有问题都应根据他的职业生涯加以审查。然而，需要确保将西庇阿的个人范围与更多的结构层次的解释联系起来，使其从属于一个独特的理论基础，并考虑到贵族相互关系的广泛多样性来分析它。通过专题研究，但也扩展到学术演讲和文章，该项目旨在通过对历史上一个重要时间点的详细研究来补充对罗马共和国的研究。与此同时，它的目的是为进一步讨论共和国后期政治制度开始解体的问题提供动力。例如，该项目对大众政治的早期阶段进行了一瞥，而没有说明133年政治行为模式的突然破裂。此外，强调动员危机对于打破罗马政治正常模式中高度均衡的成功机会的重要性，不仅可以为日益增长的护民官暴力提供解释，而且可以为共和时代后期杰出的贵族个人更频繁地出现提供解释。