Cognitive and physiological responses to disgust elicitors in chimpanzees

总体而言，与Nobuyuki Kawai教授（名古屋大学），Ikuma Adachi和Andre Goncalves （KUPRI）合作，JSPS研究员和我（项目PI）完成了四个实验，重点关注（#1）视觉和（#2）暗示潜在病原体存在的嗅觉线索如何影响认知表现，（#3）厌恶相关图像和恐惧相关图像在认知机制方面是否不同，结果和（#4）收到的注视的数量/持续时间。2021财年的重点是完成京都大学灵长类动物研究所的黑猩猩实验室工作，并整合所进行的每项研究的主要结果。初步结果支持这样的假设，即表明病原体存在的视觉和嗅觉线索会降低分散注意力个体的表现，而与恐惧相关的视觉线索则会产生相反的效果。该研究员在国际会议上展示了这项工作（动物行为学会，CogSci2021），目前正在努力制作该工作的手稿，以提交给国际期刊。该研究员和我（PI）还在《生态与进化前沿》上发表了一篇特邀论文，讨论了倭黑猩猩避免受污染食物与原生动物感染之间的关系。

Overall, in collaboration with Professor Nobuyuki Kawai (Nagoya University), Ikuma Adachi, and Andre Goncalves (KUPRI), the JSPS fellow and I (the project PI) completed four experiments focusing on how (#1) visual and (#2) olfactory cues implying potential pathogen presence may impact cognitive performance, (#3) whether disgust-related images and fear-related images differ in terms of cognitive mechanisms, outcomes and (#4) number/duration of gazes received. FY2021 focused on completing lab work with chimpanzees at Kyoto University's Primate Research Institute and integrating the major results of each of the studies conducted. Preliminary results support the hypothesis that visual and olfactory cues indicative of pathogen presence decrease performance by distracting individuals, while the opposite effect is suggested for fear-related visual cues. The fellow presented this work at international conferences (Animal Behavior Society, CogSci2021), and is currently working toward production of manuscripts from this work to submit to international journals. The fellow and I (the PI) also published an invited paper in Frontiers in Ecology & Evolution on the correlation between contaminated food avoidance and protozoan infection in bonobos.