Cognitive and physiological responses to disgust elicitors in chimpanzees

总体而言，JSPS研究员和我(PI项目)与名古屋大学的Kawai Nobuyuki教授、Ikuma Adachi和Andre Goncalves(KUPRI)合作完成了四个实验，重点关注(#1)暗示潜在病原体存在的视觉和(#2)嗅觉线索如何影响认知表现，(#3)厌恶相关图像和恐惧相关图像是否在认知机制、结果和(#4)接收到的凝视数量/持续时间方面存在差异。2021财年的重点是完成京都大学灵长类研究所的黑猩猩实验室工作，并整合每项研究的主要结果。初步结果支持这样一种假设，即表明病原体存在的视觉和嗅觉线索会分散个体的注意力，从而降低表现，而与恐惧相关的视觉线索则会产生相反的效果。这位研究员在国际会议(动物行为学会，CogScience 2021)上介绍了这项工作，目前正在努力制作这项工作的手稿，提交给国际期刊。这位研究员和我(PI)还在《生态学与进化前沿》上发表了一篇特邀论文，内容是避免接触受污染的食物与黑猩猩感染原生动物之间的关系。

Overall, in collaboration with Professor Nobuyuki Kawai (Nagoya University), Ikuma Adachi, and Andre Goncalves (KUPRI), the JSPS fellow and I (the project PI) completed four experiments focusing on how (#1) visual and (#2) olfactory cues implying potential pathogen presence may impact cognitive performance, (#3) whether disgust-related images and fear-related images differ in terms of cognitive mechanisms, outcomes and (#4) number/duration of gazes received. FY2021 focused on completing lab work with chimpanzees at Kyoto University's Primate Research Institute and integrating the major results of each of the studies conducted. Preliminary results support the hypothesis that visual and olfactory cues indicative of pathogen presence decrease performance by distracting individuals, while the opposite effect is suggested for fear-related visual cues. The fellow presented this work at international conferences (Animal Behavior Society, CogSci2021), and is currently working toward production of manuscripts from this work to submit to international journals. The fellow and I (the PI) also published an invited paper in Frontiers in Ecology & Evolution on the correlation between contaminated food avoidance and protozoan infection in bonobos.